Fine-scale eye-movement differences in psychosis and their contribution to abnormal vision

精神病中的精细眼动差异及其对视力异常的影响

• 批准号: 10645812
• 负责人: Brian Patrick Keane
• 金额: $ 23.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10645812
• 关键词: Adult; Calibration; Cerebellar vermis structure; Characteristics; Complex; Custom; Data Collection; Differential Diagnosis; Disparate; Dorsal; Dyskinetic syndrome; Exhibits; Eye; Eye Movements; Facial Expression Recognition; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Head; Helmet; Image; Impairment; Intervention; Investigation; Lateral; Letters; Light; Literature; Measurement; Methods; Motion; Patients; Perception; Persons; Phenotype; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Procedures; Process; Psychoses; Psychotic Disorders; PubMed; Reading; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Retina; Saccades; Sample Size; Schizophrenia; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; System; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual impairment; Writing; attentional bias; biobehavior; caudate nucleus; clinical predictors; digital; frontal eye fields; gaze; improved; interest; neural; novel; oculomotor; oculomotor behavior; prevent; reading ability; reading difficulties; retinal imaging; sample fixation; statistics; tool; visual tracking

Project summary/abstract Eye movement abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ) have been documented for over 100 years, yet it remains unknown whether fine-scale eye movements differ in this population. This is unfortunate because the neural structures underlying oculomotor control are well-documented, implying that group differences could shed light on the underlying illness pathophysiology. Moreover, establishing fine-scale eye movement differences could in principle provide a distinguishing biobehavioral marker, which in turn could be used for differential diagnosis or clinical prediction. Additionally, fine-scale eye movements contribute to everyday activities, such as recognizing facial expressions at a distance, reading, and discriminating fine spatial stimuli. Therefore, it is conceivable that abnormal micro- eye movements could be associated with—and even causally related to—impairments of these visual functions in psychosis. Thus, a major goal of the research described in this proposal is to establish that fine-scale eye movements do indeed differ among those with psychosis (Aim 1). These differences will be assessed in people with a psychotic disorder and in well-matched healthy adults during steady fixation and in the presence of complex foveal stimuli. In contrast to possibly all prior psychosis studies, we will use a high- precision digital Dual Purkinje Image Eye-Tracker (1 arcmin resolution) with a head-stabilizing helmet to minimize small head motions, and frequent re-calibrations throughout data collection. Additionally, a custom-made system for gaze contingent display control, will enable the implementation of a state-of-the-art calibration procedure, which effectively reduces the gaze localization error to less than 5 arcmin. Since visual acuity and reading are often impaired among psychosis patients and may even portend a future psychotic disorder, we will attempt to generate group differences with tasks that probe these same processes. Moreover, to establish a reference baseline for fine oculomotor behavior and to consider hitherto unnoticed problems in fixational stability, we will assess small eye movement differences during steady fixation without an active task. Aside from assessing whether micro- eye movement differences characterize psychosis, we will also assess their relationship to visual perceptual deficits (Aim 2). In particular, we will probe for correlations between microsaccade characteristics and the magnitude of visual acuity and reading deficits. We will also consider whether trials with a higher rate of microsaccades are related to impaired reading or impaired visual acuity compared to trials without such eye movements, and whether image stabilization on the retina (which removes the benefits of microsaccades) worsens acuity more for controls than for patients. Findings will inform our understanding of how eye movement differences in psychosis are related to perception at the micro-scale, which in turn can suggest novel treatments or interventions for improving poor visual acuity and reading.

项目概要/摘要 精神分裂症 (SZ) 的眼球运动异常已有 100 多年的记录，但它仍然存在 不幸的是，尚不清楚该人群的精细眼球运动是否存在差异。 动眼神经控制的结构有据可查，这意味着群体差异可以揭示这一点 此外，建立精细的眼球运动差异可能会影响潜在的疾病病理生理学。 提供区分生物行为原理标记，进而可用于鉴别诊断或 此外，精细的眼球运动有助于日常活动，例如识别。 远距离的面部表情，阅读和辨别精细的空间刺激，因此，可以想象。 异常的微眼运动可能与这些功能的损伤有关，甚至是因果关系。 因此，本提案中描述的研究的一个主要目标是确定这一点。 精神病患者的精细眼球运动确实存在差异（目标 1）。 在精神障碍患者和匹配的健康成年人中，在稳定注视期间和在 与可能所有先前的精神病研究相比，我们将使用高强度的中心凹刺激。 精密数字双浦肯野图像眼动仪（1 arcmin 分辨率），配有头部稳定头盔，可最大限度地减少 小的头部运动，以及在整个数据收集过程中频繁的重新校准。此外，还有一个定制的系统。 对于注视条件显示控制，将能够实施最先进的校准程序， 由于视力和阅读能力受到影响，这可以有效地将注视定位误差降低到小于 5 弧分。 精神病患者经常受到损害，甚至可能预示着未来的精神病，我们将尝试 此外，通过探测这些相同过程的任务产生组差异，以建立参考。 精细动眼行为的基线并考虑迄今为止未注意到的注视稳定性问题，我们将 除了评估之外，在没有主动任务的情况下评估稳定注视期间的微小眼球运动差异。 微眼动差异是否是精神病的特征，我们还将评估它们与视觉的关系 特别是，我们将探讨微扫视特征之间的相关性。 我们还将考虑是否进行更高比率的试验。 与没有这种眼睛的试验相比，微扫视与阅读障碍或视力障碍有关 运动，以及视网膜上的图像是否稳定（这消除了微扫视的好处） 对照组的视力比患者的视力下降更严重。研究结果将有助于我们了解眼球运动的方式。 精神病的差异与微观尺度的感知有关，这反过来又可以提出新的治疗方法 或改善视力和阅读能力的干预措施。