Physical Activity, Energy Balance, and Cancer

体力活动、能量平衡和癌症

• 批准号: 7733750
• 负责人: Arthur Schatzkin
• 金额: $ 3.65万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7733750
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Anterior; Axilla; Beds; Biological; Blood; Body of uterus; Breast; C-reactive protein; Categories; Classification; Complex; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Count; Data; Data Storage and Retrieval; Devices; Disease; Estrogens; Frequencies; Genes; Growth Factor; Hip region structure; Hour; Household; Individual; Inflammatory; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth-Factor Binding Protein 1; Intention; Interleukin-6; Laboratories; Life; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Methodology; Monitor; Motion; Movement; Needs Assessment; Occupational; Outcome; Output; Participant; Pattern; Physical Fitness; Physical activity; Process; Questionnaires; Records; Research; Research Project Grants; Right-On; SHBG gene; Seasons; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Source; Standards of Weights and Measures; Study Subject; Sum; Swimming; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Transportation; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Validity and Reliability; Variant; Walking; Week; cancer risk; carcinogenesis; cohort; computerized data processing; cytokine; day; energy balance; fitness; human TNF protein; sensor; steroid hormone

Physical activity is a complex, multidimensional exposure that is difficult to measure validly among free-living individuals, and improvements in physical activity assessments are needed to more precisely characterize physical activity in relation to cancer outcomes. With improvements in physical activity assessments, more precise estimates of physical activity and perhaps stronger associations might be seen, which will ultimately help determine whether decreased fitness or increased fatness is the main predictor of cancer risk. Previous studies have examined the metabolic effects of energy imbalance on various biological parameters putatively related to carcinogenesis, and have explored the relations of these factors to cancer risk. The current research project is intended to add to this research by focusing on certain inflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha), growth factors and their major binding proteins (IGF-1 and IGFBP-3), steroid hormones (testosterone, estrogen, SHBG), and energy balance-related genes in relation to cancer. Each study participant will undergo: (1) a one-time blood draw at the beginning of the study; (2) the administration of a newly developed physical activity questionnaire at the beginning of the study and a re-administration of the same questionnaire one year later; (3) four 7-day physical activity assessments using motion sensors spaced between the two physical activity questionnaires; (4) a one-time measurement of physical fitness at the end of the 1st motion sensor test. Study subjects will be monitored with accelerometers and physical activity records simultaneously. The devices will be worn at all times for 7 consecutive days, except for sleeping, showering, and swimming. Subjects will be instructed to record the time of day they wake up and go to bed, to note the times the devices are put on and taken off, and to not change their usual level of physical activity during the time period they are monitored. To account for systematic variation in physical activity levels due to season of the year, all measurements will be conducted during four periods throughout the year, one in each season. Compliance will be verified by systematically examining accelerometer and pedometer counts for missing data, defined as continuous periods of 2 or more hours with no recorded movement during daytime hours. A comprehensive physical activity questionnaire will be administered and results will be expressed as METs. The Actigraph accelerometer will be used to quantify the amount of body movement continuously. The monitor will be worn on the right hip of the participant in the anterior axillary line. The device consists of an accelerometer and a data storage unit for on-line registration, processing, and storage of acceleration signals. The accelerometer comprises three uniaxial piezoresistive accelerometers and registers accelerations in three orthogonal directions during body movements. Acceleration signals are processed to obtain the sum of the rectified and integrated acceleration data from all three measurement directions. The final output is expressed as counts per minute. While being monitored, subjects will be requested to keep a physical activity record with the intention of capturing all sources and patterns of physical activity throughout the day. Participants will be instructed to enter items regarding specific types, frequency, duration, and intensity of activities performed. Physical activity records will be completed by participants each night before going to bed. Laboratory analyses of CRP, IL-6, and TNF- will be conducted usingt standard methodology.

体育活动是一种复杂的多维暴露，在自由生活的个体中很难有效地衡量，并且需要改善体育活动评估，以更精确地表征与癌症结果有关的体育活动。随着体育活动评估的改善，可以看到体育活动的更精确估计，也许可以看到更强的关联，这最终将有助于确定降低健身还是增加脂肪是癌症风险的主要预测指标。先前的研究检查了能量失衡对与癌变有关的各种生物学参数的代谢影响，并探讨了这些因素与癌症风险的关系。当前的研究项目旨在通过重点关注某些炎症性细胞因子（CRP，IL-6，TNF-Alpha），生长因子及其主要结合蛋白（IGF-1和IGFBP-3），类固醇激素（睾丸激素，雌激素，SHBG，SHBG）和能量平衡基因与癌症的基因。每个研究参与者将接受：（1）在研究开始时一次性抽血； （2）一年后，在研究开始时就管理了新开发的体育活动问卷，并在同一问卷中重新管理同一问卷； （3）使用两个体育活动问卷之间的运动传感器进行四次7天体育活动评估； （4）在第一运动传感器测试结束时的身体适应性的一次性测量。研究对象将通过加速度计和体育活动记录进行监测。这些设备将连续7天始终佩戴，除了睡觉，淋浴和游泳。将指示受试者记录他们醒来并上床睡觉的时间，以指出设备被戴上并取下的时间，并且在监视的时间段内不要更改其通常的体育锻炼水平。为了说明由于一年中季节的体育锻炼水平的系统变化，所有测量都将在全年四个时期内进行，每个季节都进行。通过系统地检查加速度计和计步器计数缺失数据的计数，将验证合规性，该数据定义为2个或更长时间的连续周期，而在白天没有记录的运动。将管理一份全面的体育活动问卷，结果将以Mets表示。 Actigraph加速度计将用于连续量化身体运动的量。监视器将戴在前腋窝线的参与者的右臀部上。该设备由加速度计和数据存储单元组成，用于在线注册，处理和存储加速信号。加速度计包含三个单轴压电加速度计，并在身体运动过程中在三个正交方向上进行了登记加速度。处理加速信号以从所有三个测量方向获得整流和集成加速度数据的总和。最终输出表示为每分钟计数。在受到监控的同时，将要求受试者保留体育活动记录，以便全天捕获所有体育活动的来源和模式。将指示参与者输入有关执行活动的特定类型，频率，持续时间和强度的项目。体育活动记录将由参与者每天晚上完成，然后上床睡觉。 CRP，IL-6和TNF-的实验室分析将使用标准方法进行。