Adverse childhood experiences and alcohol misuse in Latino adolescents: testing biopsychosocial and cultural mechanisms.

拉丁裔青少年的不良童年经历和酒精滥用：测试生物心理社会和文化机制。

基本信息

批准号：
10368646
负责人：
Jenny Zhen-Duan
金额：
$ 16.12万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-02-20 至 2027-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10368646
关键词：
Adherence Adolescent Affect Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcoholism Alcohols Area Award Biological Biological Factors Biological Markers Biometry Child Childhood Chronic Clinical Collection Communities Consumption DNA Methylation Data Data Analyses Data Collection Discrimination Drug usage Endocrine Endocrinology Ensure Environmental Risk Factor Epigenetic Process Etiology Event Exposure to Family Fibrinogen Foundations Future Genes Genetic Goals Hair Health Health Disparities Research Heavy Drinking High Prevalence Hostility Hydrocortisone Immigrant Intervention Knowledge Latino Latino Population Lead Link Measures Mediating Mental Health Mentors Mentorship Methylation Minority Modeling National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Neurobiology Parents Participant Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Pharmacological Treatment Prevention Prevention Research Psychologist Research Research Personnel Research Training Resources Risk Role Saliva Sampling Scientist Stress Structure Substance Use Disorder System Testing Time Training Work abuse neglect addiction adverse childhood events alcohol epidemiology alcohol misuse alcohol risk alcohol use disorder binge drinking biological adaptation to stress biological systems biopsychosocial career childhood adversity cohesion cultural values disorder prevention ethnic minority experience high-risk adolescents hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis maltreatment peer prospective protective factors psychologic psychosocial racial and ethnic resilience social social culture stressor substance use

项目摘要

Project Summary Background. Latino adolescents have higher prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking, start using drugs and alcohol earlier, and are at greater risk of developing addiction due to early use. It has been well documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse and neglect, significantly increase the risk for alcohol misuse. ACEs also affect HPA axis functioning and alter cortisol levels that can lead to mental health problems and alcohol use. More recently, epigenetic studies have uncovered that methylation of HPA axis genes affect cortisol levels and increase the risk for alcohol use disorder. More integrative research is needed to understand how biological and environmental factors interact to increase the vulnerability for alcohol misuse. Research Strategy. To obtain a more nuanced understanding of mechanisms leading to alcohol misuse, we hypothesize influences at the psychological (traumatic stressors), biological (genetics, endocrine), interpersonal (family cohesion), and cultural (values) level and identify paths of risk and resilience. The current project will assess the impact of ACEs on alcohol abuse and identify relevant protective factors (aim 1), evaluate the role of HPA axis functioning (hair cortisol) in the ACEs-alcohol misuse link and identify relevant protective factors (aim 2), and explore epigenetic mechanisms (saliva DNA methylation) linking ACEs and HPA axis functioning (hair cortisol; aim 3). The proposed study will leverage the structure and resources of the candidate primary mentor’s parent R01 and select a subsample of Latino adolescents (N= 150), for stress biomarkers collection (i.e., hair cortisol, saliva DNA methylation). Data yielded from the proposed study will lead to a future R01 examining the contribution of childhood adversities on biological vulnerabilities for alcohol use disorders longitudinally. Training Plan. In coordination with the research plan, the candidate will pursue training in the following three areas: (1) obtain training on alcohol epidemiology and etiology as a foundation to developing addiction prevention research with racial/ethnic minorities, (2) gain knowledge of epigenetics via DNA methylation, particularly in HPA axis and alcoholism-related genes, and (3) train in statistical genetics. Mentorship. Dr. Alegría is an expert in health and substance use disparities with extensive experience in mentoring early career investigators. Co-mentor Dr. Shields provides expertise on adversity-related epigenetics among minorities, co-mentor Dr. Zhang provides expertise in epigenetic influences in alcohol use disorders, and co-mentor Dr. Becker provides expertise in alcohol addiction among adolescents. A team of advisors provides additional expertise in biostatistics modeling of longitudinal data (Dr. Spiegelman) and in the impact of adversity on child endocrinology (Dr. Valentino). Candidate. The candidate is an early career scientist and clinical psychologist with extensive health disparities research experience. Together, the research and training experiences and expertise developed through this K08 award will support the applicant’s transition to research independence and ensure the applicant becomes a leading expert in biopsychosocial influences in minority addiction and health.

项目概要背景拉丁裔青少年饮酒和酗酒的患病率较高，开始使用。更早地饮酒，并且由于早期使用药物而产生成瘾的风险更大。记录表明，不良童年经历（ACE），例如虐待和忽视，会显着增加酒精滥用的风险也会影响 HPA 轴功能并改变皮质醇水平，从而导致精神问题。最近，表观遗传学研究发现 HPA 轴甲基化。基因影响皮质醇水平并增加酒精使用障碍的风险，需要更多的综合研究。了解生物和环境因素如何相互作用以增加酒精滥用的脆弱性。研究策略。为了更细致地了解导致酒精滥用的机制，我们心理（创伤性应激源）、生物（遗传、内分泌）、人际关系等方面的培养影响（家庭凝聚力）和文化（价值观）水平，并确定风险和复原力的路径。评估 ACE 对酒精滥用的影响并确定相关的保护因素（目标 1），评估 ACE 的作用 HPA 轴功能（头发皮质醇）在 ACEs-酒精滥用链接中并确定相关的保护因素（目标 2），并探索连接 ACE 和 HPA 轴功能（头发）的表观遗传机制（唾液 DNA 甲基化）皮质醇；目标 3)。父 R01 并选择拉丁裔青少年的子样本 (N= 150)，用于压力生物标志物收集（即头发拟议研究产生的数据将导致未来的 R01 检查童年逆境对酒精使用障碍的生物脆弱性的纵向影响。计划。与研究计划相协调，候选人将在以下三个领域进行培训：（1）获得酒精流行病学和病因学培训，作为开展成瘾预防研究的基础与少数种族/民族一起，(2) 通过 DNA 甲基化获得表观遗传学知识，特别是 HPA 轴和 Alegría 博士是健康和酗酒相关基因方面的专家。物质使用差异巨大，具有指导早期职业研究人员的经验。共同导师张博士表示，希尔兹提供了少数族裔逆境相关表观遗传学方面的专业知识酒精使用障碍的表观遗传影响方面的专业知识，共同导师贝克尔博士提供了以下方面的专业知识顾问团队提供生物统计建模方面的额外专业知识。纵向数据（斯皮格曼博士）和逆境对儿童内分泌学的影响（瓦伦蒂诺博士）。候选人是一位早期职业科学家和临床心理学家，健康状况存在巨大差异。研究经验。通过 K08 积累的研究和培训经验以及专业知识。该奖项将支持申请人向研究独立过渡，并确保申请人成为少数族裔成瘾和健康的生物心理社会影响方面的领先专家。