EVOLUTION OF THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX

主要组织相容性复合体的演变

• 批准号: 3421615
• 负责人: MASANORI KASAHARA
• 金额: $ 18.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-02-11 至 1995-02-10
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3421615
• 关键词: Agnatha; MHC class I antigen; MHC class II antigen; Tunicata; Urodela; Xenopus; evolution; genetic polymorphism; histocompatibility gene; major histocompatibility complex; metamorphosis; molecular cloning; monoclonal antibody; polymerase chain reaction; sharks

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) encodes molecules that provide a context for the recognition of antigen by T lymphocytes. Because of its central role in individuals' immune response, the MHC has been studied extensively by immunologists and geneticists. However, the information concerning its evolution is scant and largely limited to primates and a few rodent species. The overall goal of the proposed project is to study the MHCs of lower vertebrates by molecular cloning. The specific aims of this proposal are threefold: First, the organization of the MHC of an African clawed frog Xenopus will be studied using a recently isolated class I cDNA clone as a starting material. Second, the regulation of MHC expression in ontogeny, in particular, in metamorphosis, will be studied in various amphibian species including Xenopus and axolotl. And third, using Xenopus as a stepping stone, the MHC genes of more primitive species (shark, lamprey, and tunicates) will be isolated. Xenopus is clearly a "high connectivity" model. The information obtained from this study should further enhance its connectivity as a model organism for biomedical research. In terms of immunology, the isolation and characterization of MHC genes from primitive species should provide a clue to the primordial function of the MHC, and increase our knowledge about the evolution of immunity.

主要的组织相容性复合物（MHC）编码提供的分子 T淋巴细胞识别抗原的背景。因为它 中心作用在个体的免疫反应中，已经研究了MHC 免疫学家和遗传学家广泛。但是，信息 关于它的演变很少，很大程度上限于灵长类动物和一些 啮齿动物物种。拟议项目的总体目标是研究 下脊椎动物的MHC通过分子克隆。这个特定的目的 提案是三倍：首先，非洲MHC的组织 将使用最近隔离的I类cDNA研究爪的青蛙武士 克隆作为起始材料。第二，MHC表达的调节 尤其是在变形中的个体发育，将在各种 两栖物种，包括爪蟾和axolotl。第三，使用Xenopus 作为垫脚石，更原始物种的MHC基因（鲨鱼， 将七lamp和膜）隔离。 Xenopus显然是“高连接”模型。获得的信息 从这项研究中，应进一步提高其作为模型生物的连通性 用于生物医学研究。在免疫学，孤立和 来自原始物种的MHC基因的表征应提供线索 掌握MHC的原始功能，并提高我们对 免疫的演变。