Evaluating the possible transmission in California of food-borne zoonotic trematode parasites carried by the introduced snail Melanoides tuberculata

评估引进蜗牛 Melanoides tuberculata 携带的食源性人畜共患吸虫寄生虫在加利福尼亚州的可能传播

• 批准号: 10308500
• 负责人: Ryan F Hechinger
• 金额: $ 7.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10308500
• 关键词: Abdominal Pain; Bile duct carcinoma; Brain hemorrhage; California; Chronic; Coughing; Data; Eating; Evaluation; Fishes; Foundations; Health; Hepatomegaly; Hot Spot; Human; Investigation; Maps; Parasites; Pathology; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Preventive measure; Public Health; Radar; Research; Role; Sampling; Site; Snails; Surveys; Temperature; United States; Water; Work; Zoonoses; epidemiology study; foodborne; infection risk; insight; parasitism; transmission process

Summary Food‐borne trematodiases are caused by trematode parasites and can involve pathologies ranging from abdominal pain, chronic cough, hepatomegaly, bile duct cancer, or even brain hemorrhage. Almost a billion people around the world are estimated to be at risk of infection. Despite their global importance, food‐borne trematodiases are not typically considered to be a public health issue in the United States. This lack of concern may have previously been justified: trematodes are carried by first intermediate host snails, and the US historically lacked the snail species known to carry injurious human‐infecting trematodes. However, one such host snail, Melanoides tuberculata, has now been introduced and established in the United States. Three of its human‐infecting trematodes have co‐established with the snail. Further, preliminary sampling of southern Californian snails reveals that at least two of these human‐infecting trematodes have been introduced to the western US. The introduction of this snail and some of its parasites calls for an evaluation of the possible emergence of food‐borne zoonotic trematodiases originating from the introduced snail in the United States. The proposed research will involve a systematic survey throughout southern California to quantify the presence of the intermediate host snail at 56 fishing localities, and the presence and abundance of its trematode parasites. Further, at a subset of those localities, the investigation will confirm that the trematode stages directly infectious to humans are, indeed, present in fishes that people catch and eat. Food‐borne trematodiases are not on the radar as a public health concern in the United States, but this work may reveal that they should be. The proposed research will provide the first extensive evaluation in the United States of a public health concern involving the possible emergence of food‐ borne trematodiases originating from trematodes carried by the introduced snail, M. tuberculata. By delineating the extent of this potential public health problem in southern California, this research will (1) provide a foundation for additional epidemiological research in southern California and elsewhere in the nation, and (2) open the door for public and veterinary health agencies to take preventative measures to reduce transmission and to inform clinicians of the possible occurrence of previously unappreciated, and potentially undiagnosed, food‐borne zoonotic trematodiases.

概括 食源性吸虫病是由吸虫寄生虫引起的，可能涉及多种病理学 腹痛、慢性咳嗽、肝肿大、胆管癌，甚至脑出血。 据估计，全世界有近十亿人面临感染风险。 全球重要性，食源性吸虫病通常不被认为是公共卫生问题 美国对这个问题缺乏关注可能是有道理的：吸虫是 由第一中间宿主蜗牛携带，而美国历史上缺乏已知的蜗牛物种 然而，其中一种寄主蜗牛——黑线虫（Melanoides），会感染人类。 tuberculata，现已在美国引入并建立。 此外，初步发现感染人类的​​吸虫与蜗牛共存。 对南加州蜗牛的采样表明，至少有两种感染人类的​​蜗牛 吸虫已被引入美国西部。这种蜗牛和一些蜗牛的引入。 其寄生虫需要评估食源性人畜共患吸虫病的可能出现 起源于美国引进的蜗牛。 拟议的研究将涉及对整个南加州进行系统调查，以量化 56 个捕鱼地点是否存在中间宿主蜗牛，以及其存在情况和丰度 此外，在这些地区的一部分，调查将证实这一点。 直接感染人类的​​吸虫阶段确实存在于人们捕获的鱼类中 并吃。 在美国，食源性吸虫病并未作为公共卫生问题受到关注，但 这项工作可能会揭示它们应该是拟议的研究将提供第一个广泛的。 美国对涉及可能出现食品的公共卫生问题的评估 传播性吸虫病，源自引入的蜗牛结核吸虫携带的吸虫。 通过描述南加州这一潜在公共卫生问题的严重程度， 研究将 (1) 为南部地区进一步的流行病学研究奠定基础 加利福尼亚州和全国其他地方，以及 (2) 为公共卫生和兽医健康敞开大门 各机构采取预防措施减少传播并向参议员通报情况 可能发生以前未被认识到且可能未被诊断的食源性人畜共患疾病 吸虫病。