Enhanced Surveillance for New Vaccine Preventable Diseases

加强对新疫苗可预防疾病的监测

• 批准号: 9533884
• 负责人: JANET A ENGLUND
• 金额: $ 122.7万
• 依托单位: SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9533884
• 关键词: Enhanced; Surveillance; New; Vaccine; Preventable

ABSTRACT - CORE AND OPTIONAL COMPONENTS: Investigators at Seattle Children's Hospital propose to establish a site to conduct population-based surveillance for acute gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in children living in King County (population 1.9 million) seeking emergency care or requiring hospitalization for vaccine-preventable or potentially vaccine-preventable conditions. The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) site in Seattle provides representation for the Pacific Northwest and the western USA within the national surveillance effort, capturing data from a geographic area with differences in rotavirus and respiratory viral seasonality as well as a state-based immunization program and varied vaccine acceptance rates. The Seattle researchers, led by Drs. Janet Englund and Eileen Klein, are experienced in surveillance for acute gastroenteritis (AGE), rotavirus disease, rotavirus vaccine-effectiveness (VE) studies, acute respiratory diseases, influenza vaccines, respiratory syncytial virus epidemiology, and studies in pregnant women, with a history of successfully conducting collaborative, innovative clinical studies of new and emerging pathogens, vaccines, and vaccine-preventable infections in diverse pediatric population. Seattle Children's Hospital, the only pediatric emergency department in the county, encompasses 85% of pediatric hospital beds, and provides acute care for ~85% of acute respiratory disease requiring hospital admission. We work closely with our state- wide immunization registry, which registers all children born in-state and over 96% of vaccines given to children, to assist in VE studies. With collaboration from the Public Health Department of Seattle-King County (PHSKC), we are able to collect admission data from all hospitals in King County and utilize county-wide surveillance programs tracking all emergency room admissions and hospitalization to calculate adjusted population-based disease and hospitalization rates. Our objectives will be to establish VE for rotavirus and influenza vaccines, calculate population-based disease and hospitalization rates, and detect new and re- emerging pathogens to inform public policy. We will assess the impact of new vaccines as they are developed and new vaccine policies as appropriate, and work collaboratively with other NVSN sites and the CDC to understand the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases by assisting the development of new, innovative projects and protocols. We will also recruit 200 pregnant women and follow these women and their infants for two years to assess enteric and respiratory diseases in mother-infant pairs, and household members, documenting the impact of maternal antibody and disease on childhood infection and severity of disease. We will add to the NVSN effort based on our history of enrollment of appropriate numbers of subjects and controls with documented vaccine histories, high levels of specimens collected which are analyzed at laboratories in Seattle and at CDC, and innovative studies proposed and conducted in high risk populations. The Seattle site will contribute to the understanding and documentation of specific pathogens and new vaccines in children.

摘要 - 核心和可选组件：西雅图儿童医院的研究人员建议 建立一个站点，对以下地区的急性胃肠道和呼吸道感染进行人群监测 居住在金县（人口 190 万）的儿童寻求紧急护理或需要住院治疗 疫苗可预防的或潜在的疫苗可预防的病症。新的疫苗监测网络 (NVSN) 西雅图站点提供太平洋西北地区和美国西部地区的代表服务 国家监测工作，从轮状病毒和呼吸道病毒存在差异的地理区域捕获数据 病毒季节性以及基于州的免疫计划和不同的疫苗接受率。这 由博士领导的西雅图研究人员。 Janet Englund 和 Eileen Klein 在急性重症监护方面经验丰富 胃肠炎 (AGE)、轮状病毒病、轮状病毒疫苗有效性 (VE) 研究、急性呼吸道疾病 疾病、流感疫苗、呼吸道合胞病毒流行病学以及孕妇研究， 成功开展新型和新兴病原体合作、创新临床研究的历史， 疫苗以及不同儿童群体中疫苗可预防的感染。西雅图儿童医院， 该县唯一的儿科急诊科，拥有 85% 的儿科医院床位，并提供 约 85% 需要住院的急性呼吸道疾病的急性护理。我们与我们的国家密切合作 广泛的免疫登记处，登记了本州出生的所有儿童以及超过 96% 的疫苗接种情况 儿童，协助 VE 研究。与西雅图-金县公共卫生部合作 (PHSKC)，我们能够收集金县所有医院的入院数据并利用全县范围的数据 监测计划跟踪所有急诊室入院和住院情况以计算调整后的情况 基于人口的疾病和住院率。我们的目标是建立轮状病毒的 VE 流感疫苗，计算基于人群的疾病和住院率，并检测新的和重复的 新兴病原体为公共政策提供信息。我们将评估新疫苗开发后的影响 酌情制定新的疫苗政策，并与其他 NVSN 站点和 CDC 合作， 通过协助开发新的创新药物来了解疫苗可预防疾病的负担 项目和协议。我们还将招募200名孕妇，跟踪这些妇女及其婴儿 两年来评估母婴对和家庭成员的肠道和呼吸道疾病， 记录母源抗体和疾病对儿童感染和疾病严重程度的影响。我们 将根据我们适当数量的受试者和控制的注册历史来增加 NVSN 的工作 具有记录的疫苗历史、收集的高水平样本并在实验室进行分析 西雅图和疾病预防控制中心，以及在高风险人群中提出并进行的创新研究。西雅图网站 将有助于了解和记录儿童的特定病原体和新疫苗。