Directed Language as a Useful Predictor of Speech Processing Efficiency and Vocabulary Development in Preterm Infants

定向语言作为早产儿言语处理效率和词汇发展的有用预测因子

基本信息

批准号：
9812930
负责人：
Katherine Marie Newnam
金额：
$ 45.18万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9812930
关键词：
2 year old Affect Age-Months Apnea Area Auditory Auditory system Beds Biophysics Bradycardia Caring Child Clinical Research Communication Development Discipline of Nursing Environment Equipment Exposure to Faculty Frequencies Gestational Age Goals Health Hearing Home environment Hospitalization Hospitals Human Infant Infant Care Inflammation Internships Intervention Knowledge Language Language Delays Language Development Life Link Longitudinal prospective study Low Birth Weight Infant Measurement Measures Mechanics Methods Morbidity - disease rate Neonatal Neonatal Intensive Care Units Neural Pathways Noise Nurses Nursing Students Outcome Outcome Measure Oxygen Parents Patients Pattern Perceptual learning Play Population Populations at Risk Positioning Attribute Pregnancy Premature Birth Premature Infant Privatization Process Psychology Research Personnel Research Training Risk Factors Role Science Speech Speech Delay Stress Structure Students Uterus Very Low Birth Weight Infant Vocabulary Voice Work base biological adaptation to stress biophysical properties clinical practice critical period deprivation experience graduate student heart rate variability improved in utero innovation interdisciplinary collaboration laboratory development language impairment language outcome longitudinal design neural circuit respiratory skills socioeconomics sound speech processing time interval undergraduate student

项目摘要

ABSTRACT In utero, organized and predetermined patterns of auditory structural and neural pathway development set the stage for early language acquisition.15 The very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infant, born at 24-26 weeks of gestation is at a critical stage of structural and functional auditory development in a suboptimal environment.3, 15 The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), vastly different from the protected uterine environment is full of high pitched alarms, harsh mechanical sounds from lifesaving respiratory equipment positioned in close proximity to developing auditory structures.8 Environmental NICU conditions have been correlated with increased stress and systemic inflammation resulting in negative neurodevelopmental outcomes.3, 21 Identified factors associated with speech and language delay or impairment in the VLBW preterm population include low birth weight, low gestational age, socio-economic risk factors, prolonged hospitalization and increased illness.4, 9 Yet, few interventions directed toward the VLBW preterm infant while hospitalized in the NICU have shown neurodevelopmental improvements especially in the area of language acquisition. Thus, one of the aims of this study is to explore whether measures of neonatal stress is affected by bouts of directed language in the VLBW preterm infant. Early and frequent directed speech may be useful to mitigate some of the modifiable short and longterm negative effects of preterm birth, yet evidence for this link is missing. Through longitudinal design, language input will be recorded at 4-time intervals during NICU hospitalization and at 4 time intervals following hospital discharge using the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA). Language development will be measured at 12 and 18 months in the Infant Language and Perceptual Learning Lab. Our goals are to determine if the timing and frequency of direct language exposure during critical periods of auditory development are associated with (1) improved biophysical markers of neonatal stress during hospitalization, (2) continued language exposure in the home, and (3) improved speech processing efficiency and vocabulary size in this at-risk population. This information will provide new scientific knowledge to support interventions including early and frequent human voice in the preterm population as a method to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. Graduate and undergraduate students in Nursing and Psychology are critical to the implementation of this project. Nursing students will have the opportunity to spend a semester interning in a language development lab, and Psychology students in the NICU environment. Thus, in addition to making significant contributions to science and informing clinical practice, this interdisciplinary opportunity will enrich research training of Nursing and Psychology students.

抽象的在子宫内，听觉结构和神经通路发育的有组织和预先确定的模式早期语言习得阶段。15 极低出生体重 (VLBW) 早产儿，出生于 24-26 岁妊娠周正处于听觉结构和功能发育的关键阶段，处于次优状态环境.3, 15 新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU)，与受保护的子宫有很大不同环境中充满了高音警报、救生呼吸设备发出的刺耳机械声位于靠近正在发育的听觉结构的位置。8 NICU 的环境条件已与压力和全身炎症增加相关，导致神经发育不良结果.3, 21 与 VLBW 言语和语言发育迟缓或损伤相关的已确定因素早产人群包括低出生体重、低胎龄、社会经济风险因素、长期妊娠住院治疗和病情加重。4, 9 然而，针对 VLBW 早产儿的干预措施很少，而在新生儿重症监护室住院的患者的神经发育有所改善，尤其是在语言方面获得。因此，本研究的目的之一是探讨新生儿应激的测量是否受到以下因素的影响： VLBW 早产儿的定向语言发作。早期和频繁的定向演讲可能有助于减轻一些可修改的短期和长期的影响早产的负面影响，但缺乏这种联系的证据。通过纵向设计、语言在 NICU 住院期间和出院后将每隔 4 个时间间隔记录输入信息使用语言环境分析 (LENA) 进行放电。语言发展将在 12 岁时进行测量在婴儿语言和知觉学习实验室工作 18 个月。我们的目标是确定时机听觉发育关键时期直接语言接触的频率与 (1) 改善住院期间新生儿应激的生物物理标记，(2) 持续的语言接触 (3) 提高了这一高危人群的语音处理效率和词汇量。这信息将提供新的科学知识来支持干预措施，包括早期和频繁的人类干预早产儿人群的声音作为改善神经发育结果的一种方法。护理和心理学专业的研究生和本科生对于这一计划的实施至关重要项目。护理专业的学生将有机会进行一个学期的语言发展实习实验室和 NICU 环境中的心理学学生。因此，除了做出重大贡献外，科学并为临床实践提供信息，这一跨学科机会将丰富护理的研究培训和心理学学生。