Individual differences in memory generalization

记忆泛化的个体差异

• 批准号: 10741060
• 负责人: Dagmar Zeithamova
• 金额: $ 13.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-07 至 2025-08-06
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10741060
• 关键词: Adopted; Anxiety; Behavioral; Categories; Code; Collaborations; Collection; Complex; Computer Models; Data; Data Set; Dissociation; Episodic memory; Event; Follow-Up Studies; Future; Grant; Hippocampus; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mental Depression; Modeling; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Role; Specificity; Stroke; Surface; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Work; autism spectrum disorder; behavior test; cognitive process; design; experience; experimental study; individual variation; interest; member; nervous system disorder; neural model; neuroimaging; novel; open data; theories

Project summary Memory allows us to remember specific details of past events. Memory also allows us to build complex knowledge and generalize to new situation, by integrating information acquired across several experiences. While hippocampus has been long known to support memory specificity, more recent interests have focused on the hippocampal role in memory integration and generalization. To what degree memory generalization relies on unique mechanisms, distinct from the ability to remember specific details, is a matter of much debate. Furthermore, specificity-generalization dissociations may exist along the long axis of the hippocampus, across the hippocampal subfields, or through hippocampal interactions with distinct cortical regions. A key challenge in resolving among current theories and designing new ways to test them is that generalization has been measured using a range of tasks, but whether they capture the same underlying mechanism has not been evaluated. Establishing a common denominator (or a distinction) across generalization studies is a critical step towards reconciling results from isolated lines of research and informing future research of hippocampal-based generalization. Individual differences provide a unique means to uncover the degree to which different tasks rely on shared or distinct underlying cognitive processes. In the proposed R03 Small Project Grant, participants (N=200) will complete a range of memory tasks, including several putative memory generalization and putative memory specificity measures typically used in different labs. The primary proposed analyses will reveal the degree to which distinct generalization tasks measure the same memory generalization capability and the degree to which memory generalization ability is dissociable from the ability to remember specific details. The work will yield a rich dataset that will be freely shared on Open Science Framework (or equivalent) platform and that can be queried for many questions. Easy-to-use and documented code for collecting each memory measure will be shared with the data for any lab to adopt. By establishing equivalency or distinctions among different memory measures, the results will support informed synthesis of existing work and facilitate crosspollination of ideas across labs. Dissociating specificity and generalization processes within each task and establishing validated generalization measures will pave way for future neuroimaging research testing current generalization theories. More broadly, the results will inform current theories of memory function and may help shed light on mixed patterns of memory specificity and generalization impairments in neurological diseases, anxiety, depression, autism, or following a stroke.

项目概要 记忆使我们能够记住过去事件的具体细节。内存还允许我们构建复杂的 通过整合从多种经验中获得的信息，将知识推广到新的情况。 虽然海马体长期以来一直被认为支持记忆特异性，但最近的兴趣集中在 海马在记忆整合和泛化中的作用。记忆泛化到什么程度 依赖于独特的机制，与记住特定细节的能力不同，这是一个备受争议的问题。 此外，特异性-泛化分离可能沿着海马体的长轴存在，跨越 海马亚区，或通过海马与不同皮质区域的相互作用。一个关键的挑战 在解决当前的理论并设计新的方法来测试它们的过程中，泛化已经被 使用一系列任务进行测量，但它们是否捕获相同的底层机制尚未确定 评价。建立泛化研究的共同点（或区别）是关键的一步 旨在协调孤立研究领域的结果，并为基于海马的未来研究提供信息 概括。个体差异提供了一种独特的方法来揭示不同任务的程度 依赖于共享或不同的底层认知过程。在拟议的 R03 小型项目补助金中，参与者 （N=200）将完成一系列记忆任务，包括几个假定的记忆泛化和假定的记忆任务 记忆特异性测量通常在不同的实验室中使用。拟议的主要分析将揭示 不同的泛化任务衡量相同的记忆泛化能力的程度以及 记忆泛化能力与记住特定细节的能力的分离程度。这 工作将产生丰富的数据集，可以在开放科学框架（或同等）平台上免费共享 并且可以查询很多问题。用于收集每个内存的易于使用且记录的代码 测量结果将与数据共享，供任何实验室采用。通过建立之间的等同或区别 不同的记忆措施，结果将支持现有工作的知情综合并促进 跨实验室的思想交叉传播。分离每个任务中的特异性和泛化过程 建立经过验证的泛化措施将为未来的神经影像研究测试铺平道路 当前的泛化理论。更广泛地说，这些结果将为当前的记忆功能理论和 可能有助于揭示神经系统中记忆特异性和泛化障碍的混合模式 疾病、焦虑、抑郁、自闭症或中风后。