Individual differences in memory generalization

记忆泛化的个体差异

• 批准号: 10741060
• 负责人: Dagmar Zeithamova
• 金额: $ 13.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-07 至 2025-08-06
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10741060
• 关键词: Adopted; Anxiety; Behavioral; Categories; Code; Collaborations; Collection; Complex; Computer Models; Data; Data Set; Dissociation; Episodic memory; Event; Follow-Up Studies; Future; Grant; Hippocampus; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mental Depression; Modeling; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Role; Specificity; Stroke; Surface; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Work; autism spectrum disorder; behavior test; cognitive process; design; experience; experimental study; individual variation; interest; member; nervous system disorder; neural model; neuroimaging; novel; open data; theories

Project summary Memory allows us to remember specific details of past events. Memory also allows us to build complex knowledge and generalize to new situation, by integrating information acquired across several experiences. While hippocampus has been long known to support memory specificity, more recent interests have focused on the hippocampal role in memory integration and generalization. To what degree memory generalization relies on unique mechanisms, distinct from the ability to remember specific details, is a matter of much debate. Furthermore, specificity-generalization dissociations may exist along the long axis of the hippocampus, across the hippocampal subfields, or through hippocampal interactions with distinct cortical regions. A key challenge in resolving among current theories and designing new ways to test them is that generalization has been measured using a range of tasks, but whether they capture the same underlying mechanism has not been evaluated. Establishing a common denominator (or a distinction) across generalization studies is a critical step towards reconciling results from isolated lines of research and informing future research of hippocampal-based generalization. Individual differences provide a unique means to uncover the degree to which different tasks rely on shared or distinct underlying cognitive processes. In the proposed R03 Small Project Grant, participants (N=200) will complete a range of memory tasks, including several putative memory generalization and putative memory specificity measures typically used in different labs. The primary proposed analyses will reveal the degree to which distinct generalization tasks measure the same memory generalization capability and the degree to which memory generalization ability is dissociable from the ability to remember specific details. The work will yield a rich dataset that will be freely shared on Open Science Framework (or equivalent) platform and that can be queried for many questions. Easy-to-use and documented code for collecting each memory measure will be shared with the data for any lab to adopt. By establishing equivalency or distinctions among different memory measures, the results will support informed synthesis of existing work and facilitate crosspollination of ideas across labs. Dissociating specificity and generalization processes within each task and establishing validated generalization measures will pave way for future neuroimaging research testing current generalization theories. More broadly, the results will inform current theories of memory function and may help shed light on mixed patterns of memory specificity and generalization impairments in neurological diseases, anxiety, depression, autism, or following a stroke.

项目摘要 内存使我们能够记住过去事件的特定细节。内存还使我们能够建立复杂 通过整合跨多种经验获得的信息，知识并概括了新情况。 虽然海马备受闻名以支持记忆特异性，但最新的兴趣集中 关于海马在记忆集成和概括中的作用。在何种程度的内存概括 依靠独特的机制，与记住特定细节的能力不同，这是一个辩论的问题。 此外，沿海马的长轴可能存在特异性将军分离， 海马子场，或通过与不同皮质区域的海马相互作用。一个关键的挑战 在当前理论之间解决并设计新方法来测试它们时，概括已经存在 使用一系列任务测量，但是它们是否捕获相同的潜在机制 评估。在概括研究中建立共同点（或区别）是关键步骤 旨在调和孤立的研究线的结果，并告知基于海马的未来研究 概括。个体差异提供了一种独特的手段来揭示不同任务的程度 依靠共享或不同的基本认知过程。在拟议的R03小型项目赠款中，参与者 （n = 200）将完成一系列内存任务，包括几个推定的内存概括和推定 内存特异性度量通常在不同的实验室中使用。提出的主要分析将揭示 不同的概括任务衡量相同的内存概括能力的程度和 记忆概括能力与记住特定细节的能力可以分离的程度。这 工作将产生丰富的数据集，该数据集将在开放科学框架（或同等）平台上自由共享 这可以在许多问题上查询。易于使用和记录的用于收集每个内存的代码 措施将与数据共享，以供任何实验室采用。通过在 不同的记忆措施，结果将支持现有工作的知情综合并促进 跨实验室的思想进行交叉授粉。分离每个任务中的特异性和概括过程 并建立经过验证的概括措施将为未来的神经影像学研究铺平道路 当前的概括理论。更广泛地，结果将为当前的内存功能理论提供信息， 可能有助于阐明神经系统中记忆特异性和概括障碍的混合模式 疾病，焦虑，抑郁，自闭症或中风之后。