A mixed-method study to investigate the impact of neighborhood-level structural racism on neurocognition and substance use in adolescence

一项混合方法研究，调查邻里结构性种族主义对青春期神经认知和物质使用的影响

• 批准号: 10740765
• 负责人: Marybel Robledo Gonzalez
• 金额: $ 41.36万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740765
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Black race; Brain; Cannabis; Censuses; Chronic; Cohort Effect; Communities; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Economic Conditions; Education; Environment; Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Food; Green space; Health Food; Housing; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Latina; Latino; Latinx; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Methods; Neighborhoods; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Nicotine; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Phase; Photography; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention program; Process; Qualitative Methods; Race; Regression Analysis; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Societies; Structural Racism; System; Techniques; Testing; Toxin; United States; Youth; access disparities; adolescent substance use; cognitive development; cohort; community engaged research; comparative; distress tolerance; ethnic minority; experience; health care availability; high school; insight; intervention program; junior high school; longitudinal dataset; marginalization; marginalized community; marginalized population; marijuana use; member; minority children; minority communities; negative affect; neighborhood disadvantage; neurocognitive test; nicotine use; novel; racial discrimination; racial minority; reduced substance use; skills; social health determinants; socioeconomics; substance use; substance use prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT. While cannabis, nicotine, and alcohol remain the most widely endorsed substances during adolescence, mechanistic pathways by which the social determinants of health influence substance use outcomes among youth are unclear. Structural racism and discrimination results in poorer quality environments in many neighborhoods within the United States, with a greater disproportionate impact for marginalized populations. Neighborhood-level structural racism (NSR) is the totality of ways by which structural racism disproportionately disadvantages neighborhoods in areas of socioeconomic conditions, environmental health, and educational opportunities. NSR features, such as neighborhood inequities in access to healthy food, green space, housing, and poverty rates, comprise important social determinants of health that negatively affect neurocognitive skills as well as increase the risk for more negative consequences of substance use. This project will use a concurrent mixed method approach to investigate the impact of neighborhood-level structural racism on youth substance use and determine the extent this relationship is mediated by neurocognitive markers of decision-making and distress tolerance. We will use both qualitative and quantitative methods throughout the project to study NSR influences on SU in middle school youth (ages 12-14 years) in the R61 phase and in high school youth (14-17 years) in the R33 phase. We will leverage the availability of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ® (ABCD) Study dataset (N = 11,880) to concurrently conduct quantitative analyses to test the neurocognitive pathways on the influence of NSR. Community engagement research approaches will be implemented throughout both the R61 and R33 phase and include oversight from a Community Advisory Board and a Youth Advisory Board. During the R61 phase, interviews with middle school Latino/a/x and Black youth (N = 30) will obtain youth perceived neighborhood- level risk factors for substance use. The quantitative studies will then investigate whether NSR impact youth cannabis, nicotine, and alcohol through neurocognitive pathways of decision-making and distress tolerance. Qualitative and quantitative findings from the R61 phase will be triangulated to inform the precision of the NSR for high school youth during the R33 phase. In addition, the R33 phase will use photovoice with high school youth (N=30), a photographic technique to identify and represent neighborhood features youth perceive contribute to engagement with substance use. Cohort effects will be tested by comparing findings from the high school cohort (R61) with the middle school cohort (R61). Findings from the project will be disseminated to community stakeholders and policy makers. In addition, findings may inform community-level interventions on the neighborhood features that pose risk to adverse substance use trajectories, as well as at the individual- level for neurocognitive interventions for substance use prevention.

项目摘要/摘要。大麻、尼古丁和酒精仍然是最广泛认可的。 青春期物质、健康社会决定因素影响的机制途径 青年人的物质使用结果尚不清楚，结构性种族主义和歧视导致贫困。 美国许多社区的优质环境，影响更大 对于边缘化人群来说，社区层面的结构性种族主义（NSR）是各种方式的总和。 结构性种族主义在社会经济条件方面使社区处于不成比例的不利地位， 环境健康和教育机会，例如社区获取机会的不平等。 健康食品、绿色空间、住房和贫困率，其中包括重要的健康社会决定因素 对神经认知技能产生负面影响，并增加产生更多负面后果的风险 该项目将使用并行混合方法来调查物质使用的影响。 邻里层面的结构性种族主义对青少年物质使用的影响，并确定这种关系的程度 由决策和痛苦耐受性的神经认知标记介导。 并通过定量方法研究 NSR 对中学生（年龄）SU 影响的项目 我们将利用 R61 阶段的高中青少年（14-17 岁）和 R33 阶段的高中青少年（14-17 岁）。 青少年大脑认知发展® (ABCD) 研究数据集 (N = 11,880) 的可用性 同时进行定量分析，测试神经认知通路对NSR的影响。 社区参与研究方法将在 R61 和 R33 阶段实施 并包括社区咨询委员会和青年咨询委员会的监督。 对中学拉丁裔/a/x 和黑人青少年 (N = 30) 的访谈将获得青少年感知的邻里关系- 然后，定量研究将调查 NSR 是否影响青少年。 大麻、尼古丁和酒精通过决策和痛苦耐受的神经认知途径。 R61 相的定性和定量结果将进行三角测量，以告知 NSR 的精度 针对 R33 阶段的高中青少年 此外，R33 阶段将与高中一起使用照片语音。 青年（N = 30），一种识别和表现青年感知的邻里特征的摄影技术 将通过比较高水平的调查结果来测试对参与物质使用的贡献。 学校群体 (R61) 和中学群体 (R61) 项目的调查结果将分发给 此外，调查结果可为社区层面的干预措施提供信息。 对不良物质使用轨迹以及个人构成风险的邻里特征 预防药物滥用的神经认知干预水平。