Gene Expression in Amphibian Development

两栖动物发育中的基因表达

• 批准号: 10623072
• 负责人: Richard M Harland
• 金额: $ 48.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-06 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10623072
• 关键词: Amphibia; Anterior; Biochemical; Cell Shape; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Communities; Defect; Development; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Evolution; Family; GTPase-Activating Proteins; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Recombination; Genome; Goals; Grant; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Guanosine Triphosphate; Image; Mediating; Microinjections; Microsurgery; Molecular; Morphogenesis; Movement; Pattern; Proteomics; Rana; Regulation; Research; Resources; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Tissues; Xenopus; cell behavior; confocal imaging; egg; experimental study; gastrulation; gene function; gene product; human disease; improved; insight; knock-down; member; neural; neural patterning; neural plate; rho; Amphibia; Anterior; Biochemical; Cell Shape; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Communities; Defect; Development; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Evolution; Family; GTPase-Activating Proteins; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Recombination; Genome; Goals; Grant; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Guanosine Triphosphate; Image; Mediating; Microinjections; Microsurgery; Molecular; Morphogenesis; Movement; Pattern; Proteomics; Rana; Regulation; Research; Resources; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Tissues; Xenopus; cell behavior; confocal imaging; egg; experimental study; gastrulation; gene function; gene product; human disease; improved; insight; knock-down; member; neural; neural patterning; neural plate; rho

Project Summary/Abstract Our goal is to understand early vertebrate development at the molecular level. We study the problem in the frog Xenopus, whose abundant eggs are large and readily manipulated by microinjection and microsurgery. The embryos are large enough to produce material for biochemical and proteomic analysis, and are also ideal for imaging whole embryo morphogenesis, and confocal imaging of explants. During previous grant periods, we have identified potent signaling and signal transduction activities that contribute to embryonic development, neural induction and anterior-posterior patterning of the neural plate. In parallel we improved genome assemblies and annotation for X. tropicalis and X. laevis, enabling a systems level approach. These, and new assemblies for other frogs, not only provide the resources necessary for hypothesis driven research for the community, but also delivered new insights into genome structures, recombination and evolution. In the next grant period, we focus on the genes that control cell shape changes, and tissue level movements in the embryo, focusing on gastrulation and neurulation. Based on the premise that Rho GTP Exchange Factors (GEFs) are often deployed selectively to mediate specific cell behaviors, we will continue our analysis of members of the Plekhg family, among which three of seven show specific morphogenetic defects after CRISPR mediated knockdown, and extend the analysis to other GEFs or GTPase Activating Proteins (GAPs) that show early morphogenetic defects. The results of these experiments will provide basic understanding of normal vertebrate morphogenesis, and insights into the ways that different cellular behaviors are controlled.

项目摘要/摘要 我们的目标是了解分子水平的早期脊椎动物发育。我们研究青蛙中的问题 爪蟾的大量鸡蛋很大，并且很容易通过显微注射和显微外科手术来操纵。这 胚胎足够大，可以产生用于生化和蛋白质组学分析的材料，也是理想的选择 成像整个胚胎形态发生和外植体共聚焦成像。 在以前的赠款期间，我们已经确定了有效的信号传导和信号转导活动 有助于神经板的胚胎发育，神经诱导和前后形式。在 平行于我们改善了X. tropicalis和X. laevis的基因组组件和注释，实现了系统级 方法。这些以及其他青蛙的新集会不仅提供了假设所需的资源 为社区提供了驱动的研究，但也为基因组结构，重组和 进化。 在下一个赠款期间，我们关注控制细胞形状的基因，并在组织水平运动中运动 胚胎，侧重于胃和神经化。基于Rho GTP交换因素的前提 （GEF）通常被选择性地部署以调解特定的细胞行为，我们将继续分析 Plekhg家族的成员，其中七个显示了CRISPR之后的特定形态发生缺陷 介导的敲低，并将分析扩展到其他GEF或GTPase激活蛋白（GAPS） 早期形态发生缺陷。这些实验的结果将提供对正常的基本理解 脊椎动物的形态发生，以及对不同细胞行为的控制方式的见解。