Reducing HIV vaccine and prevention hesitancy among sexual and gender minority adolescents

减少性少数和性别少数青少年对艾滋病毒疫苗和预防的犹豫

• 批准号: 10620502
• 负责人: Brandon J Hill
• 金额: $ 65.67万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-16 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10620502
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Bisexual; Black, Indigenous, People of Color; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccine; Chicago; Clinic; Clinical; Communities; Development; Education; Effectiveness; Ensure; Epidemic; Exposure to; Face; Feedback; Focus Groups; Fostering; Friends; Future; Gays; HIV; HIV vaccine; HIV/STD; Health; Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine; Hybrids; Industry; Infection; Injectable; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Learning; Media Campaign; Medical; Methods; Misinformation; Modeling; Motivation; Oral; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Persons; Predisposition; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Production; Proxy; Public Health; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Research; Safety; Sampling; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual and Gender Minority Youth; Source; Stream; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Trust; United States; Vaccines; Work; Youth; adolescent HIV prevention; age group; behavior change; boys; burden of illness; condoms; design; effectiveness testing; effectiveness/implementation design; girls; health communication; implementation intervention; improved; insight; minority children; novel; peer; phase I trial; post intervention; pre-exposure prophylaxis; preference; preventive intervention; randomized trial; recruit; social media; social norm; social stigma; success; therapy development; transgender; truvada; uptake; vaccine acceptance; vaccine distribution; vaccine efficacy; vaccine refusal

Project Summary Adolescents and young adults are disproportionately affected by HIV in the USA, accounting for 21% of new infections, with sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth carrying the greatest burden of disease. Recently, phase I trials of potential HIV vaccines have opened possibilities for more prevention options available to youth (in addition to oral and injectable PrEP). However, implementation of biomedical HIV prevention (e.g., PrEP) among youth is hindered by numerous barriers that will likely affect HIV vaccine uptake, including misinformation/lack of information, medical mistrust, and stigma. Youth-focused messaging on biomedical HIV prevention is nearly nonexistent, leaving SGM teens with incomplete knowledge and fostering misunderstanding and negative perceptions about biomedical HIV prevention methods. In addition, lessons learned from the rollout of the HPV and COVID-19 vaccines indicate that unclear public health messaging, dis- or misinformation from media/online sources, and vaccine stigma contributed to lack of trust, delayed uptake, or outright refusal of vaccines. As HIV vaccines are in development, and PrEP remains underutilized among SGM adolescents, now is the best time to understand and address biomedical HIV prevention concerns and misinformation among youth. Therefore, this study proposes to preemptively debunk (i.e., “prebunk”) misinformation about HIV vaccines, improve attitudes regarding multiple methods of biomedical HIV prevention, and improve awareness, intentions, and uptake among SGM youth. In Aim 1, using an online survey, we will gain comprehensive understanding of biomedical-HIV-prevention-related knowledge, social norms and attitudes, and behavioral intent among a diverse nationwide sample of 700 SGM youth age 13-21. In Aim 2, we will develop 8 brief youth-centered video vignettes aimed at prebunking vaccine misinformation and presenting one or more complementary biomedical prevention methods (vaccine, PrEP, condoms). These video messages will be delivered through narrative storytelling formats that are relevant, compelling, and persuasive for youth. We will obtain feedback about the video vignettes from SGM youth and adult stakeholders at multiple timepoints during video production and integrate this feedback into the final cuts. In Aim 3, we will test the effectiveness of our messages in a randomized controlled trial with 500 SGM youth, which will compare the video messages against an information-only control (e.g., publicly available information from CDC on HIV vaccines and other forms of biomedical prevention). Three-month post-test outcomes include vaccine acceptability and intentions, vaccine beliefs, and proxies for vaccine uptake (e.g., prevention information seeking, HIV/STI testing, PrEP initiation.) Within this aim, we will also explore barriers and facilitators to online- and in-person implementation via interviews with staff in community/clinical settings and experts in entertainment education and streaming media.

项目摘要 在美国，青少年和年轻人受艾滋病毒的影响不成比例，占新的21％ 感染，性别和性别少数族裔（SGM）青年携带最大的疾病燃烧。最近， 潜在的HIV疫苗的第一阶段试验为青年提供了更多预防选择的可能性 （除了口服和可注射准备）。但是，实施生物医学HIV预防（例如，PREP） 在青年中，许多障碍都可能影响艾滋病毒疫苗的摄取，包括 错误信息/缺乏信息，医疗不信任和污名。以青少年为中心的生物医学艾滋病毒消息传递 预防几乎不存在，使SGM青少年拥有不完整的知识和培养 对生物医学HIV预防方法的误解和负面看法。另外，课程 从HPV和Covid-19疫苗的推出中学到的东西表明，不清楚的公共卫生消息传递 或来自媒体/在线资源的失误，疫苗的污名导致缺乏信任，延迟吸收， 或完全拒绝疫苗。随着艾滋病毒疫苗的开发，并且准备不足 SGM青少年，现在是了解和解决生物医学艾滋病毒预防问题的最佳时机 青年的错误信息。因此，这项研究提出了先发制人的揭穿（即“前埋”） 关于艾滋病毒疫苗的错误信息，改善与会者有关生物医学艾滋病毒的多种方法 SGM青年的预防，改善意识，意图和吸收。在AIM 1中，使用在线 调查，我们将对与生物医学预防相关的知识，社会获得全面的了解 在全国700名SGM青少年13-21岁的潜水员样本中，规范和出席的行为意图。 在AIM 2中，我们将开发8个以青年为中心的视频小插图 并提出一种或多种完整的生物医学预防方法（疫苗，准备，避孕套）。这些 视频消息将通过相关，引人注目的叙事讲故事格式传递 对青年有说服力。我们将获得有关SGM青年和成人的视频小插曲的反馈 在视频制作过程中，利益相关者在多个时间点处，并将此反馈整合到最终削减中。在 AIM 3，我们将在500名SGM青年的随机对照试验中测试信息的有效性， 这将将视频消息与仅信息控制进行比较（例如，公开可用的信息 从CDC介绍HIV疫苗和其他形式的生物医学预防）。三个月后测试结果 包括疫苗可接受性和意图，疫苗信念和疫苗摄取的代理（例如，预防 信息寻求，艾滋病毒/性传播疾病测试，准备计划。）在此目标中，我们还将探索障碍和 通过与社区/临床环境中的员工进行访谈，在线实施和面对面实施的促进者 娱乐教育和流媒体专家。