Hitting Close to Home: A Multi-Method Investigation of Neighborhood Characteristics and Drinking Motives on Alcohol-Related Health Disparities

切中要害：对社区特征和饮酒动机对酒精相关健康差异的多方法调查

• 批准号: 10748631
• 负责人: Chelsea Denise Mackey
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-16 至 2026-06-15
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10748631
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Black American; Black Populations; Black race; Characteristics; Clinical; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disadvantaged; Disease; Disparity; Environment; Environmental Impact; Etiology; Future; Goals; Health; Health Disparities Research; Home; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Methodology; Methods; Minority Groups; Modeling; Motivation; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phase; Policies; Policy Maker; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Social Disorganizations; Strategic Planning; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Training; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; Writing; alcohol consequences; alcohol misuse; alcohol outlet density; alcohol related consequences; alcohol use disorder; burden of illness; clinical practice; community-level factor; coping; density; deprivation; distilled alcoholic beverage; drinking; efficacious intervention; ethnic minority; experience; health determinants; health disparity; health equity; health inequalities; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; marginalized population; neighborhood disadvantage; novel strategies; phenomenological models; policy implication; protective factors; psychological distress; psychosocial stressors; racial disparity; racial health disparity; racial minority; research data dissemination; skills; social; social stressor; substance use; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Black Americans bear a disproportionately greater burden of alcohol-related health problems when compared to their White counterparts,1 representing a significant public health concern. Accordingly, eliminating health disparities and achieving health equity is one of the leading goals of the NIH Healthy People Initiative.2 Although existing research has made progress in understanding broad contributors to health inequities, existing models of substance use fail to adequately explain disparities in alcohol-related consequences among Black adults.3 One promising approach to explaining these disparities is the examination of one’s neighborhood environment and its relation to alcohol use and related consequences.4,5 Extant literature has linked specific neighborhood characteristics (e.g., alcohol outlet and liquor store density6,7 and neighborhood disadvantage5) as important contributors to alcohol use. Yet, existing research on the relationship between neighborhood context and substance use among Black adults provides conflicting evidence on which neighborhood characteristics are most important,8,9 highlighting the necessity of using novel approaches to identify salient factors within individuals’ environments that may contribute to differential alcohol-related outcomes. Moreover, more research is needed to identify mechanisms of action that associate environmental characteristics with alcohol outcomes, and drinking motives are often theorized as a potential pathway. Adults living in different neighborhoods may drink for different reasons, which may differentially influence their alcohol consumption and consequences experienced. Thus, the current proposal seeks to use both qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify neighborhood- and community-level factors that may influence alcohol outcomes among Black adults. Specific aims include (1) identifying neighborhood characteristics (e.g., neighborhood disorganization and deprivation) that serve as protective or risk factors for alcohol outcomes (i.e., alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences) among Black adults and (2) investigating the association between neighborhood characteristics and alcohol use outcomes and how alcohol motives may explain this relationship. Study findings will have important implications for future health disparities research and are crucial for the development of effective, mechanistically driven public health strategies, prevention and intervention efforts, and policy implications. The applicant will gain training in (1) understanding the etiology of and treatment approaches for race-related disparities for alcohol and substance use, (2) qualitative, quantitative, and analytical methodology, (3) scientific writing and research dissemination, and (4) community-engaged and interdisciplinary approaches. Ultimately, through the proposed research and training plan, the applicant will develop the skills and expertise necessary to make a substantive contribution to the field of racial health disparities, aligning with the applicant’s strong desire to become an independent clinical scientist addressing health inequities in the substance use field.

项目摘要/摘要 与之相比 他们的白人同行，1代表了一个重大的公共卫生问题。根据消除健康 差异和实现健康平等是NIH健康人倡议的主要目标之一。2尽管 现有研究在理解健康不平等的广泛贡献者方面取得了进展，现有模型 药物使用的用途无法充分解释黑人成人与酒精相关后果的分布。3 解释这些分布的一种承诺方法是对邻里环境的检查 及其与饮酒和相关后果的关系。4,5现存的文献已将特定社区联系起来 特征（例如，酒精出口和液体商店密度6,7和邻居灾难）很重要 饮酒的贡献者。然而，现有关于邻里环境与之间关系的研究 黑人成年人中的药物使用提供了相互矛盾的证据 最重要的是，8,9强调了使用新型方法来识别内部显着因素的必要性 个人的环境可能导致与酒精相关的差异结果。而且，更多的研究 需要确定将环境特征与酒精结果相关联的作用机制， 饮酒动机通常被认为是潜在的途径。生活在不同社区的成年人可能 由于不同的原因饮料，这可能会对他们的饮酒和后果产生不同的影响 经验丰富。这是当前的提案试图同时使用定性和定量方法来识别 邻里和社区级别的因素可能会影响黑人成年人的酒精结果。具体的 目的包括（1）识别邻里特征（例如，邻里混乱和剥夺） 这是酒精结果的保护性或危险因素（即酒精消费和与酒精相关的危险因素 后果）黑人成年人和（2）研究邻里特征之间的关联 和酒精使用结果以及酒精动机如何解释这种关系。研究结果将有 对未来健康差异研究的重要意义，对于发展有效的发展至关重要 机械驱动的公共卫生策略，预防和干预工作以及政策影响。 申请人将获得（1）了解与种族有关的病因和治疗方法的培训 酒精和物质使用的差异，（2）定性，定量和分析方法论，（3）科学 写作和研究传播，以及（4）社区参与和跨学科的方法。最终， 通过拟议的研究和培训计划，申请人将发展所需的技能和专业知识 对种族健康分配领域做出实质性贡献，与申请人的强烈愿望保持一致 成为一名独立的临床科学家，以解决药物使用领域的健康摄入量。