How the short-term influence of drinking consequences shapes the development of expectancies: An event-level study

饮酒后果的短期影响如何影响预期的发展：一项事件级研究

• 批准号: 10748534
• 负责人: Megan Schultz
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10748534
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Back; Belief; Compensation; Complement; Complex; Development; Ecological momentary assessment; Evaluation; Event; Expectancy; Friendships; Future; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Intervention; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Manuscripts; Modeling; Nature; Negative Valence; Pacific Northwest; Participant; Perception; Performance; Persons; Positive Valence; Predisposition; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention Research; Process; Reporting; Research; Shapes; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Universities; Update; Variant; Work; alcohol consequences; alcohol expectancy; alcohol related consequences; design; drinking; drinking behavior; experience; prevent; rate of change; recruit; research data dissemination; response; social cognitive theory; symposium; theories; university student; unsafe driving; willingness; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT People experience more positive than negative consequences from drinking,1 but negative consequences often have the potential to have a larger impact on a person (e.g., romantic or friendship problems, poor academic performance, and unsafe driving).2,3 According to alcohol expectancy theory4 and social learning theory,5 the experience of consequences after drinking leads to the development or updating of expectancies (e.g., beliefs about what consequence will occur as a result of drinking).4 However, understanding an individual’s expectancy evaluations such as likelihoods and valences likely depend, at least in part, on how individuals perceive recently experienced consequences. Previous research has not consistently evaluated people’s evaluations of consequences,6–9 and if they do they only evaluate the consequence once either cross- sectionally or retrospectively the next day. This prevents us from gaining an understanding of how people view these consequences and how their views change with time. In addition to the changing consequence evaluations, research has typically aggregated across positive and negative expectancies6,8,10–13 which has prevented us from developing an understanding of how expectancy evaluations are altered following the experience of specific consequences and how these may change leading up to a drinking event. To address these gaps, the proposed F31 will use a complex ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design to assess consequence and expectancy evaluations over the short term to examine changes in people’s perceptions based on their experiences. Specific Aims include (1) test whether Fading Affect Bias (FAB) can be observed as changes in people’s evaluations of positive and negative drinking consequences following weekend drinking episodes over the course of a week and (2) test whether likelihoods change over the short term, to what extent these changes depend on prior experience of these consequences, whether FAB can be observed as changes in people’s valences of negative expectancies, and whether increases can be observed as changes in people’s valences of positive expectancies leading up to a drinking episode, and (3) test how the changes in consequence evaluations are associated with changes in likelihoods and valences over the short term. To complement these aims, the applicant will receive training in (1) alcohol expectancy theory and young adult alcohol consequences and expectancies, (2) design and implementation of longitudinal ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies, (3) quantitative analysis, and (4) research dissemination via manuscript preparation and conference presentations. Study findings will have important implications for future alcohol expectancies prevention research. Specifically, results can be used to inform individuals on a daily-level of when they may be susceptible to experiencing a greater number of negative consequences from drinking on a given occasion and prompt greater reflection of upcoming plans.

项目摘要/摘要 人们经历的比饮酒的负面后果更积极，1但负面后果 通常有可能对一个人产生更大的影响（例如，浪漫或友谊问题，可怜 学术表现，不安全的驾驶）.2,3根据酒精预期理论4和社会学习 理论，5饮酒后的后果经验导致了期望的发展或更新 （例如，相信由于饮酒而导致的后果）。 个人的期望评估，例如可能性和价值，至少在某种程度上取决于如何取决于 个人百分比最近遇到了后果。以前的研究尚未始终如一地评估 人们对后果的评估，6-9，如果他们这样做，他们只会评估后果，一旦交叉 第二天或回顾性。这样可以阻止我们了解人们如何看待 这些后果以及他们的观点如何随着时间而变化。除了变化的后果 评估，研究通常在正面和负面期望范围内汇总6,8,10-13 阻止了我们对期望评估的改变 具有特定后果的经验以及如何改变导致饮酒事件的经验。解决 这些差距，拟议的F31将使用复杂的生态瞬时评估（EMA）设计进行评估 在短期内进行后果和期望评估，以检查人们的看法变化 根据他们的经验。具体目的包括（1）测试是否可以观察到褪色影响偏差（FAB） 随着人们对周末饮酒后积极和负面饮酒后果的评估的变化 一周的情节和（2）测试可能在短期内发生的可能性是否在多大程度上发生变化 这些变化取决于这些后果的先前经验，是否可以观察到Fab作为变化 在人们期望的人的价值中，以及是否可以观察到增加的增加 积极期望的价值导致饮酒发作，（3）测试如何变化 后果评估在短期内与似然和价的变化有关。到 补充这些目标，申请人将接受（1）酒精预期理论和年轻人的培训 酒精后果和期望，（2）纵向生态瞬间的设计和实施 评估（EMA）研究，（3）定量分析和（4）通过手稿进行研究传播 准备和会议演讲。研究结果将对未来的酒精产生重要影响 预防研究。具体而言，结果可用于通知个人的日常级别 当它们可能容易遇到更多的负面后果时， 给定并立即对即将到来的计划进行更大的反思。