Increasing African American Organ Donation: Donor Registration & Family Consent

增加非裔美国人器官捐赠：捐赠者登记

• 批准号: 8242571
• 负责人: Derek A. DuBay
• 金额: $ 18.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8242571
• 关键词: African American; Age; Alabama; Behavioral; Belief; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cognitive; Consent; Data; Decision Making; Demographic Factors; Development; Disincentive; Emotional; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Incentives; Intervention; Laws; Literature; Methods; Motivation; Notification; Organ; Organ Donations; Organ Donor; Organ Harvestings; Organ Transplantation; Outcome; Persons; Principal Investigator; Process; Reaction; Research; Risk Factors; Self Efficacy; Series; State Hospitals; Surveys; Telephone; Visit; base; cohort; design; expectation; improved; population based; programs; social; social cognitive theory; willingness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rationale: Compared to Caucasians, African Americans are less likely to become registered organ donors. In addition, although first-person consent laws have been passed in 48 states, hospitals remain reluctant to harvest organs without the consent of the registered donor's family. Epidemiologic studies on African Americans have focused on the willingness to donate organs. Little research has been done on the positive decision-making process of becoming a registered organ donor. Objectives: The goal of this project is to identify facilitators associated with becoming a registered organ donor and providing familial notification. We hypothesize that positive outcome expectations (physical, social, and self-evaluative) will be associated with increased African American organ donor registration. We also hypothesize that increased perceived self-efficacy (PSE) will be associated with increased familial notification. Design and Methods: Using the Social Cognitive Theory as a guiding framework, a qualitative study involving focus groups will be performed and then validated by large-scale quantitative telephone surveys. African Americans, age 19 and older, who made a decision regarding organ donation at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past 3 months will be stratified into those who chose to become a registered organ donor and those who declined. The dependent variables for analysis will be 1) becoming a registered organ donor and 2) family notification of the decision to become a registered organ donor. Significance: The study will identify the key factors that drive African Americans to become registered organ donors and the determinants of familial notification. This data will inform future interventions to increase African American donor registration and develop mechanisms to ensure family consent, thereby reducing disparities in organ donation and improving the health outcomes of African Americans. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: African Americans who registered at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past three months will be stratified into those who chose to be an organ donor and those who declined. A qualitative study involving focus groups and validated by quantitative surveys will be performed to determine the factors associated with the decision of African Americans to become registered organ donors and to inform their families of their donation wishes.

描述（由申请人提供）： 理由：与白人相比，非裔美国人成为登记器官捐献者的可能性较小。此外，尽管48个州已经通过了第一人称同意法，但医院仍然不愿在未经登记捐献者家属同意的情况下摘取器官。对非裔美国人的流行病学研究主要集中在捐献器官的意愿上。关于成为注册器官捐献者的积极决策过程的研究很少。目标：该项目的目标是确定与成为注册器官捐献者并提供家人通知相关的促进者。我们假设积极的结果期望（身体、社会和自我评价）将与非裔美国人器官捐献者登记的增加有关。我们还假设感知自我效能感（PSE）的增加与家庭通知的增加有关。设计和方法：使用社会认知理论作为指导框架，将进行涉及焦点小组的定性研究，然后通过大规模定量电话调查进行验证。过去 3 个月内在阿拉巴马州机动车辆部门做出器官捐献决定的 19 岁及以上非裔美国人将被分为选择成为注册器官捐献者和拒绝注册的人。用于分析的因变量将是 1) 成为注册器官捐献者和 2) 家庭通知决定成为注册器官捐献者。意义：该研究将确定推动非裔美国人成为登记器官捐献者的关键因素以及家庭通知的决定因素。这些数据将为未来的干预措施提供信息，以增加非裔美国人捐赠者登记并制定确保家人同意的机制，从而减少器官捐赠的差异并改善非裔美国人的健康结果。 公共卫生相关性：过去三个月内在阿拉巴马州机动车辆部门登记的非裔美国人将被分为选择器官捐献者和拒绝捐献者。将进行一项涉及焦点小组并通过定量调查验证的定性研究，以确定与非裔美国人决定成为注册器官捐献者相关的因素，并告知他们的家人他们的捐献意愿。