Disentangling periodic and aperiodic neural activity in the first two years of life: Contributions of perinatal maternal distress on neurodevelopment and childhood psychopathology risk

解开生命头两年的周期性和非周期性神经活动：围产期母亲痛苦对神经发育和儿童精神病理学风险的影响

• 批准号: 10599211
• 负责人: Brendan Dale Ostlund
• 金额: $ 10.28万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10599211
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Age Months; Animal Model; Anxiety; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Child Behavior; Childbirth; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Computer Models; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Distress; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Family; First Pregnancy Trimester; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Future; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Individual Differences; Infant; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Mental disorders; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurocognitive; Neuronal Dysfunction; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Newborn Infant; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perinatal; Periodicals; Phenotype; Physical activity; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Preventive service; Process; Psychopathology; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Sample Size; Sampling; Temperament; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; actigraphy; age related; attentional bias; behavior prediction; behavioral health; biopsychosocial; childhood anxiety; cognitive development; cognitive system; cohort; disease transmission; disorder risk; early childhood; executive function; fetal; flexibility; functional decline; human old age (65+); indexing; infancy; infant temperament; information processing; intergenerational; neural; neural information processing; neural patterning; neurobehavior; neurodevelopment; novel; novel strategies; offspring; perceived stress; postnatal; pregnant; prenatal; programs; prospective; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; recruit; sleep quality; vigilance

Project Summary Cognition depends on efficient and flexible neural communication. Disrupted neuronal synchronization may thwart efficient neural communication and undercut cognitive mechanisms that support engagement of attentional resources. Disrupted information processing can be indexed by the aperiodic exponent, which describes the expected exponential decrease in power across increasing frequencies of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum. This novel neural marker is associated with cognitive deficits and psychopathology from late childhood through old age. We do not know, however, whether changes in the aperiodic exponent affect cognitive and behavioral development in infancy. Behavioral inhibition (BI) and reactive attentional processes (i.e., attention bias to threat, vigilance) are two core risk factors that may be influenced by individual differences in aperiodic neural activity. Early attentional biases operate as a cognitive mechanism prospectively linking BI to childhood anxiety. A smaller aperiodic exponent indexes greater excitation relative to inhibition in cortical circuits. This pattern of neural activity may affect how infants access and process environmental input, which may potentiate attentional biases and increase risk for BI. Aperiodic exponent trajectories may be also susceptible to environmental influences, such as maternal distress (e.g., perceived stress, anxiety), that may be amenable to targeted prevention efforts. The proposed K99 study will chart the development of the aperiodic exponent across the first two years of life, identify the attentional and behavioral correlates of the aperiodic exponent, and describe how aperiodic exponent trajectories vary as a function of fluctuations in maternal distress. Participants will be drawn from an ongoing R01 (Pérez-Edgar, Buss, LoBue, MPIs) that examines how early attentional biases contribute to BI through a detailed assessment of temperament and biopsychosocial risk (N = 357). Leveraging this richly phenotyped and large sample, we will chart trajectories of the aperiodic exponent across the first two years of life (8, 12, 18, and 24 months) in relation to attentional, behavioral, and environmental risk for childhood psychopathology. The proposed R00 study will build on this foundational knowledge by recruiting a new sample of pregnant women to investigate whether coordinated fluctuations in a mothers’ distress and health-promoting behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep quality) while pregnant predict neural, cognitive, and behavioral difficulties in her infant. Ultimately, the aperiodic exponent of the EEG power spectrum may serve as a non-invasive and economical biomarker for attentional and behavioral risk, marking a key neural dysfunction to target with preventative services, a NIMH priority (Strategic Objective 2.2). Facilitated by this K99/R00 “Pathway to Independence” Award, my research program will examine how functional trajectories of brain maturation relate to attentional and temperamental risk for childhood mental disorder, with an emphasis on the intergenerational transmission of disease risk.

项目概要 认知取决于有效且灵活的神经通讯，神经同步可能会被破坏。 阻碍有效的神经沟通并削弱支持参与的认知机制 干扰的信息处理可以通过非周期指数来索引， 描述了随着频率的增加，功率的预期指数下降 脑电图（EEG）功率谱这种新颖的神经标记与认知缺陷和认知缺陷有关。 然而，我们不知道从童年晚期到老年的精神病理学是否会发生变化。 非周期性指数影响婴儿期的认知和行为发展行为抑制（BI）和反应性。 注意力过程（即对威胁的注意力偏差、警惕性）是两个可能受到以下因素影响的核心风险因素： 非周期性神经活动的个体差异作为一种认知机制发挥作用。 前瞻性地将 BI 与儿童期焦虑联系起来。较小的非周期性指数表明相对于儿童期的兴奋程度更高。 这种神经活动模式可能会影响婴儿的访问和处理方式。 环境输入，可能会加剧注意力偏差并增加非周期指数的风险。 轨迹也可能容易受到环境影响，例如产妇的痛苦（例如，感知到的 压力、焦虑），这可能适合有针对性的预防工作。拟议的 K99 研究将绘制图表。 生命头两年的非周期性指数的发展，确定注意力和行为 非周期指数的相关性，并描述非周期指数轨迹如何作为函数变化 参与者将从正在进行的 R01（Pérez-Edgar、Buss、LoBue、 MPI）通过对气质的详细评估来研究早期注意力偏差如何对 BI 产生影响 和生物心理社会风险（N = 357），我们将利用这个丰富的表型和大样本绘制轨迹。 生命头两年（8、12、18 和 24 个月）与注意力相关的非周期指数， 拟议的 R00 研究将以此为基础。 通过招募新的孕妇样本来调查基础知识是否协调 母亲的痛苦和促进健康的行为（即体力活动、睡眠质量）的波动，同时 怀孕预示着婴儿的神经、认知和行为困难。最终，这是非周期指数。 脑电图功率谱可以作为注意力和行为的非侵入性且经济的生物标志物 风险，标志着关键的神经功能障碍，需要采取预防性服务，这是 NIMH 的优先事项（战略目标 2.2）。在 K99/R00“独立之路”奖的推动下，我的研究计划将研究如何 大脑成熟的功能轨迹与儿童智力的注意力和气质风险有关 疾病，重点是疾病的代际传播风险。