Disentangling periodic and aperiodic neural activity in the first two years of life: Contributions of perinatal maternal distress on neurodevelopment and childhood psychopathology risk

解开生命头两年的周期性和非周期性神经活动：围产期母亲痛苦对神经发育和儿童精神病理学风险的影响

• 批准号: 10599211
• 负责人: Brendan Dale Ostlund
• 金额: $ 10.28万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10599211
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Age Months; Animal Model; Anxiety; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Child Behavior; Childbirth; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Computer Models; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Distress; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Family; First Pregnancy Trimester; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Future; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Individual Differences; Infant; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Mental disorders; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurocognitive; Neuronal Dysfunction; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Newborn Infant; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perinatal; Periodicals; Phenotype; Physical activity; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Preventive service; Process; Psychopathology; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Sample Size; Sampling; Temperament; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; actigraphy; age related; attentional bias; behavior prediction; behavioral health; biopsychosocial; childhood anxiety; cognitive development; cognitive system; cohort; disease transmission; disorder risk; early childhood; executive function; fetal; flexibility; functional decline; human old age (65+); indexing; infancy; infant temperament; information processing; intergenerational; neural; neural information processing; neural patterning; neurobehavior; neurodevelopment; novel; novel strategies; offspring; perceived stress; postnatal; pregnant; prenatal; programs; prospective; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; recruit; sleep quality; vigilance

Project Summary Cognition depends on efficient and flexible neural communication. Disrupted neuronal synchronization may thwart efficient neural communication and undercut cognitive mechanisms that support engagement of attentional resources. Disrupted information processing can be indexed by the aperiodic exponent, which describes the expected exponential decrease in power across increasing frequencies of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum. This novel neural marker is associated with cognitive deficits and psychopathology from late childhood through old age. We do not know, however, whether changes in the aperiodic exponent affect cognitive and behavioral development in infancy. Behavioral inhibition (BI) and reactive attentional processes (i.e., attention bias to threat, vigilance) are two core risk factors that may be influenced by individual differences in aperiodic neural activity. Early attentional biases operate as a cognitive mechanism prospectively linking BI to childhood anxiety. A smaller aperiodic exponent indexes greater excitation relative to inhibition in cortical circuits. This pattern of neural activity may affect how infants access and process environmental input, which may potentiate attentional biases and increase risk for BI. Aperiodic exponent trajectories may be also susceptible to environmental influences, such as maternal distress (e.g., perceived stress, anxiety), that may be amenable to targeted prevention efforts. The proposed K99 study will chart the development of the aperiodic exponent across the first two years of life, identify the attentional and behavioral correlates of the aperiodic exponent, and describe how aperiodic exponent trajectories vary as a function of fluctuations in maternal distress. Participants will be drawn from an ongoing R01 (Pérez-Edgar, Buss, LoBue, MPIs) that examines how early attentional biases contribute to BI through a detailed assessment of temperament and biopsychosocial risk (N = 357). Leveraging this richly phenotyped and large sample, we will chart trajectories of the aperiodic exponent across the first two years of life (8, 12, 18, and 24 months) in relation to attentional, behavioral, and environmental risk for childhood psychopathology. The proposed R00 study will build on this foundational knowledge by recruiting a new sample of pregnant women to investigate whether coordinated fluctuations in a mothers’ distress and health-promoting behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep quality) while pregnant predict neural, cognitive, and behavioral difficulties in her infant. Ultimately, the aperiodic exponent of the EEG power spectrum may serve as a non-invasive and economical biomarker for attentional and behavioral risk, marking a key neural dysfunction to target with preventative services, a NIMH priority (Strategic Objective 2.2). Facilitated by this K99/R00 “Pathway to Independence” Award, my research program will examine how functional trajectories of brain maturation relate to attentional and temperamental risk for childhood mental disorder, with an emphasis on the intergenerational transmission of disease risk.

项目摘要 认知取决于有效且灵活的神经元交流。破坏神经元同步可能 阻止有效的神经交流和削弱支持参与的认知机制 注意力资源。中断的信息处理可以由Aperiodic指数索引，该指数 描述了增加频率的预期指数下降 脑电图（EEG）功率谱。这个新颖的神经标记与认知缺陷和 从儿童晚期到老年的心理病理学。但是，我们不知道，是否改变 多个指数会影响婴儿期的认知和行为发展。行为抑制（BI）和反应性 注意过程（即注意威胁的注意偏见，警惕）是两个可能受到影响的核心风险因素 基于神经活动的个体差异。早期注意力偏见是一种认知机制 前瞻性地将BI与童年动画联系起来。相对于 皮质圆的抑制作用。这种神经活动模式可能会影响婴儿的访问和过程 环境输入可能会引起注意偏见并增加BI的风险。大道指数 轨迹也可能受到环境影响的影响，例如物质困扰（例如，感知到 压力，焦虑），这可能适合针对性的预防工作。拟议的K99研究将绘制 在生命的头两年中，大道指数的发展，确定注意力和行为 相关性指数的相关性，并描述各个方向指数轨迹如何随着函数而变化 在孕产妇遇险中的波动。参与者将从正在进行的R01（Pérez-Edgar，Buss，Lobue， MPIS）研究了通过温度的详细评估来检查早期注意力偏见如何对BI的贡献 和生物心理社会风险（n = 357）。利用这个丰富的表型和大型样本，我们将绘制轨迹 与注意力有关 儿童精神病理学的行为和环境风险。拟议的R00研究将以这一点为基础 通过招募新的孕妇样本来调查是否协调一致的基础知识 母亲的痛苦和促进健康行为的波动（即体育锻炼，睡眠质量），而 怀孕预测婴儿的神经，认知和行为困难。最终，是 EEG功率谱可能是注意力和行为的无创和经济生物标志物 风险，标志着预防服务的关键神经功能障碍，NIMH优先级（战略目标） 2.2）。由这个K99/R00“独立途径”奖的促进，我的研究计划将研究如何 大脑成熟的功能轨迹与儿童心态的注意力和温度风险有关 疾病，重点是疾病风险的代际传播。