Eye tracking and computational approaches to understand the roles of maturation and experience in infant looking

眼动追踪和计算方法可用于了解成熟和经验在婴儿注视中的作用

• 批准号: 10602809
• 负责人: Brianna Keenan Hunter
• 金额: $ 7.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10602809
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; California; Categories; Cerebrum; Child; Cities; Clinical; Clutterings; Complex; Computer Models; Development; Environment; Event; Exposure to; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Familiarity; Future; Goals; Health Benefit; Home; Human; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Development; Instruction; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Neural Network Simulation; Parents; Pattern; Persons; Population; Process; Property; Proxy; Public Health; Research; Role; Scanning; Shapes; Stimulus; Stream; Supervision; Techniques; Testing; Training; Universities; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual System; Visual attention; Visual impairment; Work; attentional control; career; convolutional neural network; cortical visual impairment; experience; experimental study; gaze; infancy; information gathering; innovation; insight; movement analysis; prenatal; sample fixation; skills; theories; vision development; visual process; visual processing; visual tracking

Project Summary/Abstract Infants use their eyes to gather information from their environment and learn about the unique scenes and objects that surround them. As infants accumulate these experiences, their cortex is concurrently maturing to support more controlled attention and visual processes. However, it is unclear how much of the development of gaze control reflects cortical maturation versus individual experiences. Therefore, the proposed project seeks to evaluate three competing hypotheses regarding respective roles of maturation and experience. We will use both traditional eye tracking analyses as well as advanced computational modeling. Specifically, in Aim 1, we will record infant looking behaviors while viewing scenes and objects that range in familiarity and assess how stimulus properties (e.g., salience, meaningfulness) relate to looking patterns for familiar and unfamiliar images across the first year of life. In Aim 2, we will relate these looking behaviors to a convolutional neural network inspired by the mature brain’s visual system. This innovative approach will evaluate the relationship between infants’ looking behaviors and use of higher-level visual processing across contexts that vary in familiarity. Ultimately, results from this proposal will inform developmental theories of visual attention by characterizing the contributions of maturational versus experiential factors. The information gained from the results of this project may facilitate future assessments and interventions of clinical populations with atypical visual scanning and attention control. To successfully accomplish these aims, it is necessary that the applicant gains theoretical and methodological expertise in both infant and adult attention research. This integrative perspective will allow her to characterize infant attention and visual behaviors using sophisticated methodological and analytical approaches, which will ultimately generate a wide range of subsequent research questions using similar techniques. These aims will be most successfully completed under the supervision and mentorship of Drs. Lisa Oakes and Steven Luck at the University of California, Davis, who are experts on attention in infant and adult populations, respectively. The proposed training goals focus on expanding content knowledge of attention and gaining methodological expertise in convolutional neural networks and representational similarity analysis. Accomplishing these training goals will better prepare the applicant for a successful independent research career that pushes the field of attention development forward.

项目摘要/摘要 婴儿用眼睛从环境中收集信息，并了解独特的场景和 围绕它们的对象。随着婴儿积累这些经验，它们的皮质同时成熟 支持更多受控的注意力和视觉过程。但是，目前尚不清楚多少 凝视控制反映了皮质成熟与个人经验。因此，拟议的项目寻求 评估有关成熟和经验相对作用的三个相互竞争的假设。我们将使用 传统的眼注射分析以及高级计算建模。具体来说，在AIM 1中，我们 在查看熟悉和评估范围的场景和物体时，将记录婴儿的行为 刺激特性（例如显着性，有意义）与熟悉和陌生图像的外观模式有关 整个生命的第一年。在AIM 2中，我们将将这些外观行为与卷积神经网络联系起来 受到成熟大脑的视觉系统的启发。这种创新的方法将评估 婴儿的外观行为以及在熟悉程度各不相同的上下文中使用高级视觉处理。 最终，该提案的结果将通过表征来为视觉关注的发展理论提供信息 成熟与经验因素的贡献。从该项目的结果中获得的信息 可能会促进对非典型视觉扫描和 注意控制。为了成功实现这些目标，申请人有必要获得理论和 婴儿和成人注意力研究的方法论专业知识。这种综合的观点将使她 使用复杂的方法论和分析来表征婴儿的注意力和视觉行为 方法最终将使用类似 技术。这些目标将在DR的监督和心态下成功完成。丽莎 加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的Oakes和Steven Luck是婴儿和成人关注的专家 人口分别。拟议的培训目标着重于扩大关注内容的内容知识和 在卷积神经网络和代表性相似性分析方面获得方法论专业知识。 实现这些培训目标将更好地为申请人做准备，以进行成功的独立研究 职业推动了注意力发展的领域。