Measles: A Global History

麻疹：全球历史

基本信息

批准号：
10578623
负责人：
Elena Christine Conis
金额：
$ 5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10578623
关键词：
Advocate Affect African Age Animals Appearance Archival Collection Archives Award Back Belief Biologic Characteristic Books Childhood Clinical Collection Communicable Diseases Conceptions Contracts Databases Development Digital Libraries Disease Economic Factors Economics Effectiveness Epidemic Epidemiology Geography Government Health Income Index Medicus Length Literature Location Manuscripts Measles Measles Vaccine Medical Medicine Medieval History Modernization Monograph Ontology Outcome Paper Pattern Perception Periodicals Policies Policy Maker Politics Public Health Publishing Quarantine Race Recording of previous events Records Reporting Research Research Methodology Research Project Grants Rest Role Schools Scientist Scourge Series Severities Shapes Smallpox Source Symbolism Technology Time Urbanization Vaccination Vaccines Viral Virus War Work Writing base commercialization coronavirus disease digital global health human disease programs social

项目摘要

Measles: A Global History Project Summary Measles is caused by a notably stable virus and has been vaccine preventable since the 1960s, following commercialization of the first effective measles vaccine in the U.S. But after the first several years—and then decades—of measles vaccination, U.S. medical and public health experts began to remark on how distinctly vaccination was changing measles's epidemiology, altering the geographic, racial, age, and income groups most and least affected by the disease. This oft- made observation, however, overlooked measles' long history. Extant for thousands of years, measles had always been shaped by the times and places in which it made its appearance. Urbanization, colonization, trade, war, schooling patterns, treatment, and other social, cultural, political, scientific, and economic factors shaped and reshaped measles over and over, changing it from epidemic to endemic to eliminated and back again, from “severe” to “mild” and vice versa, and from a universal scourge to a commonplace feature of childhood. In the era of modern biomedicine, measles has repeatedly been described as one of the deadliest and most contagious diseases, as well as one of the most eradicable—a scientific belief resting on assumptions about measles' stability that are in fact a small part of its centuries-long story. This project will construct a global history of measles by following the disease from medieval Islamic clinical descriptions to contemporary battles over its elimination. The project has three specific aims. First, it will produce the first book on the global history of measles, with a focus on how conceptions and perceptions of measles rooted in space and time have long made measles both a stable and dynamic illness. Second, it will analyze measles' historical roles in the emergence and development of what is now called global health. Third, it will examine and elucidate measles' practical and symbolic historical significance in efforts to manage other infectious diseases over time, from smallpox to COVID. The book will be published by Polity Press and written for an audience of academics, policymakers, advocates, and the public. Research methods for this historical project include both secondary source synthesis and primary source location and analysis. The project draws on a broad secondary literature on the histories of infectious disease, epidemics, medicine, and global health. Its primary source base consists of evidence from databases of periodicals, government reports, and scientific papers; digitally accessible documents, archives, and manuscript collections; and brick-and-mortar archival collections. These range from Index Medicus to the African Online Digital Library and from the records of the U.S. CDC to the archives of the WHO.

麻疹：全球历史项目摘要麻疹是由一种明显稳定的病毒引起的，自1960年代以来一直是可预防的疫苗在美国首次有效麻疹疫苗商业化之后，但在第一次之后几年（然后是几十年）麻疹疫苗接种，美国医疗和公共卫生专家开始记住疫苗接种如何改变麻疹的流行病学，改变地理，种族，年龄和收入群体最受该疾病影响。这个经常 - 然而，观察到了麻疹的悠久历史。现存了数千年，麻疹一直是由于其出现的时代和地点所塑造的。城市化，殖民化，贸易，战争，教育模式，治疗以及其他社会，文化，政治，科学和经济因素一遍又一遍地塑造麻疹，变化它从流行病到内在，从“严重”到“轻度”，再消除并再次恢复 Versa，从普遍的祸害到童年的常见特征。在时代现代生物医学，麻疹反复被描述为最致命和最多的人之一传染性疾病以及最可根除的疾病之一 - 一种科学信念关于麻疹稳定性的假设实际上是其数百年来故事的一小部分。该项目将通过遵循中世纪的疾病来建立麻疹的全球史伊斯兰对当代战斗的临床描述。该项目有三个具体目标。首先，它将制作有关麻疹全球历史的第一本书，重点是长期以来扎根于时空的麻疹的概念和看法如何使麻疹既稳定又动态的疾病。其次，它将分析麻疹在现在所谓的全球健康的出现和发展。第三，它将检查并阐明麻疹在管理其他的努力方面的实用和象征性历史意义从天花到共同的传染病随着时间的流逝。这本书将由Polity出版向学者，政策制定者，倡导者和公众撰写并为他们撰写。该历史项目的研究方法包括二级源合成和主要源位置和分析。该项目借鉴了有关该项目的广泛二级文献传染病，流行病，医学和全球健康的历史。它的主要源基础包括来自期刊，政府报告和科学论文数据库的证据；数字可访问的文件，档案和手稿集；和实体档案收藏。这些范围从索引医学到非洲在线数字图书馆和从美国疾病预防控制中心的记录到世卫组织的档案。