Research Project 1: Neuroimmune Mechanisms, Addictive Behaviors, and Cardiometabolic Health among African American Emerging Adults: A Prospective Study

研究项目 1：非洲裔美国新兴成年人的神经免疫机制、成瘾行为和心脏代谢健康：一项前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 10240669
• 负责人: ROBIN NUSSLOCK
• 金额: $ 32.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10240669
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Blood; Brain; Cardiometabolic Disease; Childhood; Chronic; Chronic stress; Communities; Consensus; Consumption; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Diet; Diet Habits; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Enrollment; Etiology; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Functional disorder; Funding; Generations; Health; High Fat Diet; Immune system; Immunology; Individual; Inflammation; Investigation; Link; Low income; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Neuroimmune; Neuroimmunomodulation; Neurosciences; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Phenotype; Physiological; Plant Roots; Population; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Project Summaries; Research Support; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Skin; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Transact; Universities; Work; Youth; addiction; base; biobehavior; body system; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; design; drug abuse prevention; drug use vulnerability; emerging adult; emotion regulation; executive function; functional MRI scan; health disparity; negative affect; network models; neural circuit; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; next generation; poor communities; preventive intervention; primary caregiver; programs; prospective; public health relevance; ranpirnase; relating to nervous system; resilience; reward circuitry; reward processing; social; stressor; substance misuse; substance use; sugar; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY: Research Project 1 The University of Georgia’s (UGA) Center for Translational and Prevention Science (CTAPS; P20 MH068666, P30 DA027827) has been funded continuously since 2003 to advance next-generation basic and preventive investigations of risk, resilience, and drug use among African American young people living in resource poor communities. The CTAPS P50 proposal is based on the hypothesis that progress in the prevention of drug abuse and cardiometabolic disease among African Americans requires consideration of the processes through which chronic, multigenerational poverty and social adversity become embedded in biological and behavioral systems in ways that confer heightened vulnerability to addictive behaviors. Conceptually, the Center’s research program is grounded in a neuroimmune network (NIN) model authored by Center scientists that highlights bidirectional signaling between the brain and immune system in the pathophysiology of addictive behaviors. The NIN model proposes that chronic stressors amplify crosstalk between peripheral inflammation and neural circuitries subserving emotion generation and regulation. This crosstalk results in chronic low-grade inflammation, which upon accessing the brain, accentuates threat processing in cortico-amygdala circuity, attenuates reward processing in cortico-striatal circuity, and dampens prefrontal executive control. NIN dysregulation is hypothesized to predispose individuals to substance misuse and high fat diets, in part, to self- medicate the negative emotions associated with disrupted neural signaling. These behaviors generate additional inflammation, as well as neuroadaptive changes in reward circuitry, further elevating risk for substance misuse. In Research Project (RP) 1, we propose one of the first prospective studies to test NIN predictions from a sample of 225 African American youth. Participants will be ages 18-19 at study enrollment, a period of time in which substance use and unhealthy eating rapidly escalate among African Americans. At Time 1 (T1) and T2 (2.5 years later), participants will complete a blood draw to quantify low-grade inflammation, fMRI scanning of threat-, reward-, and executive control neural activity, and assessments of stress exposure, addictive behaviors, and cardiometabolic risk. RP1 integrates research on multiple organ systems (i.e., brain and immune system) to advance the science of risk and resilience for addictive behaviors and their cardiometabolic health consequences, especially among low income African American communities and other US populations exposed to chronic stress.

项目摘要：研究项目 1 佐治亚大学 (UGA) 转化和预防科学中心 (CTAPS; P20 MH068666, P30 DA027827）自 2003 年以来不断获得资助，以推进下一代基础和预防性 对生活在资源贫困中的非裔美国年轻人的风险、复原力和吸毒情况进行调查 CTAPS P50 提案基于以下假设：预防毒品方面取得进展。 非裔美国人中的虐待和心脏代谢疾病需要考虑以下过程： 长期的、多代人的贫困和社会逆境已经根植于生物和行为中 从概念上讲，该系统的方式赋予了成瘾行为的透气性​​脆弱性。 研究项目以中心科学家编写的神经免疫网络（NIN）模型为基础，该模型 强调成瘾病理生理学中大脑和免疫系统之间的双向信号传导 NIN 模型提出，慢性压力源会放大周围炎症之间的串扰。 和促进情绪产生和调节的神经回路。 炎症一旦进入大脑，就会加剧皮质杏仁核回路中的威胁处理， 减弱皮质纹状体回路的奖励处理，并抑制前额叶执行控制。 调节失调再次导致个体容易滥用药物和高脂肪饮食，部分原因是自我调节。 治疗与这些行为中断相关的负面情绪。 额外的炎症以及奖励回路的神经适应性变化，进一步增加了风险 在研究项目 (RP) 1 中，我们提出了第一个测试 NIN 的前瞻性研究。 根据 225 名非裔美国青年样本的预测，参与者在参加研究时年龄为 18 至 19 岁。 这段时期，非裔美国人的药物滥用和不健康饮食迅速升级。 时间 1 (T1) 和 T2（2.5 年后），参与者将完成抽血以量化低等级 炎症，威胁、奖励和执行控制神经活动的功能磁共振成像扫描，以及评估 RP1 整合了多个器官的研究，包括压力暴露、成瘾行为和心脏代谢风险。 系统（即大脑和免疫系统），以推进成瘾行为风险和恢复力的科学 及其心脏代谢健康后果，特别是在低收入非裔美国人社区中 以及其他承受长期压力的美国人。