Research Project 1: Neuroimmune Mechanisms, Addictive Behaviors, and Cardiometabolic Health among African American Emerging Adults: A Prospective Study

研究项目 1：非洲裔美国新兴成年人的神经免疫机制、成瘾行为和心脏代谢健康：一项前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 10670889
• 负责人: ROBIN NUSSLOCK
• 金额: $ 31.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10670889
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; African American; African American population; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Blood; Brain; Cardiometabolic Disease; Childhood; Chronic; Chronic stress; Communities; Consensus; Consumption; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Diet; Diet Habits; Disparity; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Enrollment; Etiology; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Functional disorder; Funding; Generations; Health; High Fat Diet; Immune system; Immunology; Individual; Inflammation; Investigation; Link; Low income; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Neuroimmune; Neuroimmunomodulation; Neurosciences; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Persons; Phenotype; Physiological; Population; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Resource-limited setting; Rewards; Risk; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Skin; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Universities; Work; Youth; addiction; biobehavior; body system; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; design; drug abuse prevention; drug use vulnerability; emerging adult; emotion regulation; executive function; functional MRI scan; health disparity; negative affect; network models; neural; neural circuit; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; next generation; preventive intervention; primary caregiver; programs; prospective; public health relevance; resilience; reward circuitry; reward processing; social adversity; social influence; stressor; substance misuse; substance use; sugar; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY: Research Project 1 The University of Georgia’s (UGA) Center for Translational and Prevention Science (CTAPS; P20 MH068666, P30 DA027827) has been funded continuously since 2003 to advance next-generation basic and preventive investigations of risk, resilience, and drug use among African American young people living in resource poor communities. The CTAPS P50 proposal is based on the hypothesis that progress in the prevention of drug abuse and cardiometabolic disease among African Americans requires consideration of the processes through which chronic, multigenerational poverty and social adversity become embedded in biological and behavioral systems in ways that confer heightened vulnerability to addictive behaviors. Conceptually, the Center’s research program is grounded in a neuroimmune network (NIN) model authored by Center scientists that highlights bidirectional signaling between the brain and immune system in the pathophysiology of addictive behaviors. The NIN model proposes that chronic stressors amplify crosstalk between peripheral inflammation and neural circuitries subserving emotion generation and regulation. This crosstalk results in chronic low-grade inflammation, which upon accessing the brain, accentuates threat processing in cortico-amygdala circuity, attenuates reward processing in cortico-striatal circuity, and dampens prefrontal executive control. NIN dysregulation is hypothesized to predispose individuals to substance misuse and high fat diets, in part, to self- medicate the negative emotions associated with disrupted neural signaling. These behaviors generate additional inflammation, as well as neuroadaptive changes in reward circuitry, further elevating risk for substance misuse. In Research Project (RP) 1, we propose one of the first prospective studies to test NIN predictions from a sample of 225 African American youth. Participants will be ages 18-19 at study enrollment, a period of time in which substance use and unhealthy eating rapidly escalate among African Americans. At Time 1 (T1) and T2 (2.5 years later), participants will complete a blood draw to quantify low-grade inflammation, fMRI scanning of threat-, reward-, and executive control neural activity, and assessments of stress exposure, addictive behaviors, and cardiometabolic risk. RP1 integrates research on multiple organ systems (i.e., brain and immune system) to advance the science of risk and resilience for addictive behaviors and their cardiometabolic health consequences, especially among low income African American communities and other US populations exposed to chronic stress.

项目摘要：研究项目1 佐治亚大学（UGA）转化与预防科学中心（CTAPS； P20 MH068666， P30 DA027827）自2003年以来一直在不断资助，以推动下一代基本和预防 居住在资源贫困的非裔美国人年轻人中对风险，韧性和吸毒的调查 社区。 CTAPS P50提案基于以下假设：预防药物的进展 非裔美国人的滥用和心脏代谢疾病需要考虑通过 慢性，多代贫困和社交广告嵌入了生物学和行为中 会议加剧了对其他行为的脆弱性的方式。从概念上讲，中心的 研究计划基于中心科学家撰写的神经免疫网络（NIN）模型 突出显示添加剂病理生理学中大脑与免疫系统之间的双向信号传导 行为。 NIN模型的提案，即长期应力源扩增周围炎症之间的串扰 和神经圈子维持情绪的产生和调节。此串扰导致慢性低级 进入大脑后，炎症会突出Cortico-Amygdala电路中的威胁处理 减弱在Cortico-Striatal电路中的奖励处理，并抑制前额叶的执行控制。宁 假设失调会使个体容易受到滥用和高脂肪饮食，部分地是自我 药物与神经信号中断相关的负面情绪。这些行为产生 额外的炎症以及奖励电路的神经适应性变化，进一步提高了风险 物质小姐。在研究项目（RP）1中，我们提出了测试NIN的最早的前瞻性研究之一 来自225名非裔美国青年样本的预测。参与者将在研究入学时年龄在18-19岁时 非洲裔美国人的药物使用和不健康的饮食迅速升级的时间。 时间1（T1）和T2（2。5年后），参与者将完成抽血以量化低级 威胁，奖励和执行控制神经元活动的炎症，fMRI扫描以及评估 压力暴露，成瘾行为和心脏代谢风险。 RP1整合了多器官的研究 系统（即大脑和免疫学系统），以提高风险和韧性科学的添加剂行为 以及他们的心脏代谢健康后果，尤其是在低收入的非裔美国人社区中 和其他美国人群受到慢性压力。