Psychological and Socio-Environmental Determinants of Sleep and Neurocognitive Function (PEDS)

睡眠和神经认知功能 (PEDS) 的心理和社会环境决定因素

• 批准号: 10254437
• 负责人: William Kenkel
• 金额: $ 21.97万
• 依托单位: DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-26 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10254437
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Animal Model; Birth; Brain; Cesarean section; Childhood; Communication; Complex; Delaware; Development; Elderly; Epidemiology; Etiology; Health; Human; Hypoxia; Link; Microtus; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurosciences Research; Newborn Infant; Observational Study; Oxytocin; Personal Satisfaction; Risk; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Stereotyped Behavior; Structure; Work; autism spectrum disorder; infancy; neurodevelopment; prairie vole; preference; psychologic; self esteem; social; social attachment; social reciprocity; social skills; stress reactivity; virtual; Adult; Affect; Animal Model; Birth; Brain; Cesarean section; Childhood; Communication; Complex; Delaware; Development; Elderly; Epidemiology; Etiology; Health; Human; Hypoxia; Link; Microtus; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurosciences Research; Newborn Infant; Observational Study; Oxytocin; Personal Satisfaction; Risk; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Stereotyped Behavior; Structure; Work; autism spectrum disorder; infancy; neurodevelopment; prairie vole; preference; psychologic; self esteem; social; social attachment; social reciprocity; social skills; stress reactivity; virtual

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a complex set of neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting social reciprocity, communication and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors. Epidemiological associations link delivery by cesarean section (CS) with increased risk of ASD, however, observational studies in humans are unable to determine the potential for causality in this association. Therefore, we will use the socially monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster). The prairie vole is one of the few animal models that allows us to examine the neurobiology underlying selective social attachments, which are important to human health and wellbeing. Our preliminary evidence suggests that prairie voles delivered via CS fail to form partner preferences as adults, which indicates some deficit in their selective social attachment. Previous work has indicated that CS delivery can affect stress reactivity, delay social skills, and reduce social self-esteem in infancy / childhood, but virtually no relevant studies have been conducted in humans to examine how CS might impact social behavior in later life. Therefore, we will investigate: how social behavior is affected by CS delivery throughout development in prairie voles, whether CS delivery affects functional and structural connectivity within the brain, and the contributions of oxytocin and/or hypoxia at birth to the relationship between CS delivery and subsequent neurodevelopment. We hypothesize that by disrupting oxytocin signaling at birth, CS delivery makes the developing brain more vulnerable to hypoxia, which in turn insults brain development in ways that predispose the newborn towards ASDs.

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一组复杂的神经发育障碍，影响社会 互惠，沟通和重复的刻板印象。流行病学协会链接交付 然而，通过剖宫产区（CS），ASD风险增加，人类的观察性研究无法 确定该关联中因果关系的潜力。因此，我们将使用社会一夫一妻制 草原Vole（Microtus ochrogaster）。草原田鼠是允许我们的少数动物模型之一 检查选择性社会依恋的神经生物学，这对人类健康至关重要 福利。我们的初步证据表明，通过CS交付的草原田鼠无法形成合作伙伴 作为成年人的偏好，这表明他们的选择性社会依恋有些赤字。以前的工作有 表明CS的交付会影响压力反应性，延迟社交技能并减少社交自尊心 婴儿期 /童年，但实际上没有在人类中进行相关研究来检查CS 可能会影响以后生活的社会行为。因此，我们将研究：社会行为如何受到CS的影响 大草原田鼠的整个开发过程中的交付，CS的交付是否影响功能和结构 大脑内的连通性以及催产素和/或缺氧对关系的贡献 在CS递送和随后的神经发育之间。我们通过破坏催产素来假设这一点 出生时的信号传导，CS的传递使发育中的大脑更容易受到缺氧的影响，这反过来侮辱 以使新生儿倾向于ASD的方式发育。