Low-Cost, Low-Dose Flat Panel X-ray Detectors with a Novel Semiconductor

采用新型半导体的低成本、低剂量平板 X 射线探测器

• 批准号: 10245281
• 负责人: Amlan Datta
• 金额: $ 73.23万
• 依托单位: CAPESYM, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10245281
• 关键词: Affect; Air; Anions; Area; Atmosphere; Cations; Characteristics; Charge; Chemicals; Custom; Densitometry; Deposition; Detection; Development; Diagnostic; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Digital Radiography; Direct Costs; Dose; Dose-Rate; Electronics; Electrons; Exhibits; Extravasation; Film; Fluoroscopy; Gamma Rays; Goals; Grain; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Industrialization; Iodides; Lead; Light; Mammography; Measurement; Medical; Medical Imaging; Modernization; Modification; Performance; Phase; Photons; Process; Property; Radiation Dose Unit; Research; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Selenium; Semiconductors; Signal Transduction; Source; Structural defect; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Thick; Vertebral column; Work; attenuation; base; bone; cold temperature; cone-beam computed tomography; cost; density; detector; digital; image guided radiation therapy; imager; imaging modality; interest; miniaturize; monomethylammonium ion; next generation; novel; perovskite; programs; prototype; quantum; research clinical testing; response; sensor; soft tissue; tomosynthesis; vapor

Project Summary/Abstract After decades of advances in medical imaging, X-ray based imaging modalities are still the backbone of modern general and targeted diagnostic and therapeutic imaging. With the advent of flat panel detector technology, flat panel X-ray imagers (FPXIs) are now widely used in digital radiography, fluoroscopy, digital tomosynthesis, image-guided radiation therapy, and cone beam computed tomography. The majority of commercial FPXIs are based on scintillators and rely on indirect conversion of X-rays to photons and then to electronic signals, and a smaller portion is based on amorphous selenium (a-Se) semiconductor films that directly convert absorbed X- rays to an electronic signal. The indirect FPXIs have high detective quantum efficiency (DQE) over the energy range of interest (up to 140kVp) and are used in most of the flat panel imaging applications. However, the isotropic propagation of light in the scintillators adversely affects the quality of obtained images, and high radiation doses are needed to obtain images with acceptable brightness and contrast. On the other hand, a-Se based direct-conversion panels have excellent spatial resolution and DQE, but only up to 40kVp, due to low absorptivity of a-Se at higher energies. Thus, the use of direct-conversion FPXIs is currently limited only to soft- tissue applications, primarily mammography. In this program, we will develop direct-conversion FPXIs with a novel semiconductor sensor with high sensitivity at X-ray energies up to 140kVp. In Phase I, the feasibility of this semiconductor X-ray sensor was evaluated and excellent results in terms of sensitivity, response linearity, charge transport properties, and stability were obtained. The Phase II program is focused on demonstration of X-ray imagers based on the novel sensor, including large area FPXIs suitable for transitioning to clinical testing, and scalable X-ray scanner modules suitable for medical, scientific research, and industrial imaging applications.

项目摘要/摘要 经过数十年的医学成像进步，基于X射线的成像方式仍然是现代的骨干 一般和有针对性的诊断和治疗成像。随着平板探测器技术的出现，平坦 面板X射线成像仪（FPXI）现在已广泛用于数字X射线照相，荧光镜，数字间隔， 图像引导的放射治疗和锥束计算机断层扫描。大多数商业fpxis是 基于闪烁器，并依赖于X射线向光子然后转换为电子信号的间接转换，然后 较小的部分基于无定形硒（A-SE）半导体膜，该膜直接转化吸收的X- 光线到电子信号。间接FPXI在能量上具有高侦探量子效率（DQE） 感兴趣的范围（高达140kvp），用于大多数平板成像应用中。但是， 闪烁体中光的各向同性繁殖会对所获得的图像的质量产生不利影响，并且很高 需要辐射剂量以获得具有可接受的亮度和对比度的图像。另一方面，A-SE 基于直接转换面板具有出色的空间分辨率和DQE，但由于低，最高为40kvp A-SE在较高能量下的吸收性。因此，目前的直接转换FPXI的使用仅限于软 组织应用，主要是乳房X线摄影。在此程序中，我们将开发直接转换fpxis 新型的半导体传感器，在X射线能量高达140kVp时具有高灵敏度。在第一阶段，可行性 对此半导体X射线传感器进行了评估，并在灵敏度，响应线性，良好的结果中进行了良好的结果 获得电荷运输特性和稳定性。 II期计划的重点是演示 基于新型传感器的X射线成像仪，包括适合过渡到临床测试的大面积FPXI， 以及适合医学，科学研究和工业成像应用的可扩展X射线扫描仪模块。