A Positive Deviance Inquiry into the Protective Health Behaviors of Children during Summer

夏季儿童防护健康行为的正向偏差调查

• 批准号: 10133225
• 负责人: Roddrick Dugger
• 金额: $ 3.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-07 至 2023-03-06
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10133225
• 关键词: Address; Age; Attitude; Award; Beets; Behavior; Body mass index; Child; Child Behavior; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Crowding; Data; Development; Diet; Exhibits; Family; Fellowship; Goals; Health; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Home; Household; Income; Individual; Infant Mortality; Intervention; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Link; Low income; Malnutrition; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Parents; Physical activity; Population; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Sampling; Schools; Sleep; Strenuous Exercise; Techniques; Testing; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; cohort; deviant; experience; food insecurity; healthy weight; housing instability; improved; innovation; insight; lower income families; novel; obesity in children; obesogenic; parent grant; peer; programs; public health intervention; sedentary; tv watching; walkability

Abstract An emerging body of evidence suggests children gain more weight during the 3-month summer vacation than they do during the entire 9-month school year. This accelerated weight gain during summer is disproportionately higher among children from low-income families compared to their higher-income peers. Studies of children who respond positively to summer (i.e., maintain or lose weight, increase activity/sleep, reduce screen time, improve diet) can provide insight into what enables some children to overcome barriers linked to accelerated weight-gain during summer, while others do not. To address this important question, I will employ the Positive Deviance framework and apply it to childhood obesity.The Positive Deviance (PD) framework proposes that within any population, there are those who manage to engage in healthy behaviors despite experiencing similar obstacles as those who do not. The PD framework has been used to solve complex public health issues such as malnutrition, infant mortality, and infectious diseases. Positive deviance identifies individuals quantitatively and utilizes quantitative analyses and qualitative interviewing techniques to discover what innovative strategies PDs use to overcome barriers to improving their health. The objectives of this F31 Diversity Fellowship application are to identify neighborhood, home, parent, and child-level factors, using the PD framework, that are associated with healthful changes in children’s obesogenic behaviors – Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity, Sedentary time, Sleep, and Diet - and changes in weight during summer. To accomplish these objectives, this study will leverage data from a large observational cohort (R01- DK116665, PI Beets) comparing changes in weight & obesogenic behaviors of low and high-income elementary-age children during school and summer vacation. The proposed study will purposively sample, from the existing cohort of 673 children, individuals who display favorable outcomes during summer. I will define PDs as children who exhibit favorable changes in BMI Z-score (zBMI) from school to summer. Quantitative analyses will assess associations between neighborhood, home, parent, and child-level factors with changes in zBMI and health behaviors. Qualitative methods, grounded in the PD Framework, will identify strategies utilized by the parents of PD children that are not present among parents of children who exhibit the least healthy changes in weight and obesogenic behaviors. The results of this F31 will be used to support the development of novel interventions to be tested in a F32 award application upon completion of the doctoral program.

抽象的 新兴的证据表明，在3个月的暑假期间，孩子的体重超过了 他们在整个9个月的学年都这样做。夏季，这种加速的体重增加是 与高收入同龄人相比，来自低收入家庭的儿童的不成比例更高。 对对夏天做出积极反应的儿童的研究（即保持或减肥，增加活动/睡眠， 减少屏幕时间，改善饮食）可以提供有关使某些孩子克服障碍的洞察力 与夏季加速体重获得的链接，而其他人则没有。为了解决这个重要的问题，我将 采用积极的偏差框架并将其应用于儿童对象。积极偏差（PD） 框架提案，在任何人群中，有些人都设法从事健康的行为 尽管遇到了与没有类似的障碍。 PD框架已用于解决 复杂的公共卫生问题，例如营养不良，婴儿死亡率和感染疾病。积极的偏差 确定个体定量，并利用定量分析和定性访谈技术 发现PD用来克服改善其健康障碍的创新策略。目标的目标 F31多样性奖学金申请旨在确定社区，家庭，父母和儿童级别的因素， 使用与儿童肥胖行为健康变化有关的PD框架 - 中等剧烈的体育锻炼，久坐的时间，睡眠和饮食 - 以及夏季体重的变化。 为了实现这些目标，本研究将利用大型观察队列的数据（R01-- DK116665，PI甜菜）比较低收入和高收入的体重和肥胖行为的变化 学校和暑假期间小学时代的孩子。拟议的研究通常会采样 从现有的673名儿童组成的队列中，夏季表现出良好结果的个人。我会 将PDS定义为从学校到夏季的BMI Z分数（ZBMI）的有利变化的孩子。 定量分析将评估社区，家庭，父母和子女级因素之间的关联 随着ZBMI和健康行为的变化。基于PD框架的定性方法将确定 PD儿童的父母使用的策略在未曝光的孩子的父母中不存在 体重和肥胖行为的健康变化最少。该F31的结果将用于支持 在博士完成后，开发将在F32奖励申请中测试的新颖干预措施 程序。