Improving Access to Substance Abuse Evidence-Based Practices for Youth in the Justice System: Strategies Used by JPOs

改善青少年在司法系统中获得药物滥用循证实践的机会：初级专职人员采用的策略

基本信息

批准号：
10088431
负责人：
ASHLI J SHEIDOW
金额：
$ 65.97万
依托单位：
OREGON SOCIAL LEARNING CENTER, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse among adolescents is a major public health problem resulting in significant negative outcomes and extraordinary long-term costs. The rates of AOD abuse among youth in the justice system are twice the rates among youth without justice involvement. Further, youth offenders who abuse AOD engage in more severe delinquency and continue offending as adults, and their rate of engagement in HIV/STI sexual risk behaviors is alarming. Therefore, widespread access and delivery of effective AOD interventions to juvenile offenders is of considerable importance. Unfortunately, significant challenges exist for meeting the treatment needs of justice-involved youth. Although juvenile offenders are routinely referred to community-based providers for treatment, less than 1 in 5 are able to obtain such treatment. Further, for youth and families who are able to overcome barriers and engage with service providers, it is unlikely that they will receive an intervention that is evidence-based. In light of this context, innovative strategies clearly are needed to improve juvenile offenders' access to evidence-based practices for AOD abuse. Thus, the overriding purpose of the proposed study is to increase the access to such an evidence- based practice (Contingency Management [CM]) among youth in the juvenile justice system. This study leverages and extends the investigative team's work in CM efficacy, delivery, and technology transfer in juvenile justice settings, as well as 30+ years of collaboration with juvenile justice. We posit that juvenile probation officers (JPOs) are in an ideal position to delier an AOD evidence-based practice to youth because of their intensive involvement and frequent contact with the youth offenders under their supervision. Further, CM is ideal for JPOs to learn and implement because it is highly specified and low in complexity relative to other AOD evidence-based practices for youth. Also, JPOs regularly monitor their probationers' substance use via frequent biological screens and implement consequences based on results, making CM consistent with JPOs' work. The proposed research randomizes 36 JPOs to 2 conditions: CM versus control (usual JPO services), and then randomizes 504 AOD abusing adolescent probationers across those 2 conditions. This research would provide (1) evidence for the feasibility of JPOs to deliver an AOD abuse intervention, (2) initial evidence of clinical efficacy for JPOs as service delivery providers [to address clinical public health outcomes of AOD use, criminal activity, and HIV/STI sexual risk behaviors], and (3) identify any barriers that would need to be addressed for JPOs to deliver such services. The primary motivation for this application is the clear public health need for improving and expanding delivery of AOD abuse interventions in the juvenile justice system. The ultimate outcome would be decreased AOD use and other public health-related behaviors (i.e., criminal behaviors, HIV/STI sexual risk behaviors) among these high-risk adolescents.

描述（由适用提供）：青少年中的酒精和其他药物（AOD）滥用是一个重大的公共卫生问题，导致显着的负面结果和非凡的长期成本。司法系统中青年人的AOD滥用率是未司法参与的年轻人的两倍。此外，滥用AOD的青年罪犯从事更严重的犯罪，继续以成年人的身份冒犯，他们参与HIV/STI性风险行为的速度令人震惊。因此，对少年罪犯有效的AOD干预措施的宽度访问和交付至关重要。不幸的是，满足与司法青年的治疗需求存在重大挑战。尽管少年罪犯通常会转交给社区基于社区的医疗服务提供者，但少于5分之一的人能够获得这种治疗。此外，对于能够克服障碍并与服务提供商互动的青年和家庭，他们不太可能接受基于证据的干预措施。鉴于这种情况，显然需要创新的策略来改善少年罪犯获得基于证据的AOD滥用实践的机会。这是拟议的研究的重要目的是增加青少年司法系统中青年中获得这种基于证据的实践（应急管理[CM]）的机会。这项研究利用并扩展了调查团队在少年司法环境中的CM效率，交付和技术转移方面的工作，以及与少年司法的30多年合作。我们认为，少年调查官（JPO）是理想的位置，因为他们密集的参与并经常在其监督下与青年罪犯接触，可以使年轻人对青年进行循证实践。此外，CM是JPO学习和实施的理想选择，因为相对于其他基于AOD的基于AOD的循证实践，它具有高度指定和较低的复杂性。此外，JPO通过经常生物筛选定期监测其探针的物质使用，并根据结果实现后果，从而使CM与JPOS的工作一致。拟议的研究将36个JPO随机到2个条件：CM与对照（通常的JPO服务），然后在这两个条件下随机滥用青少年概率的504个AOD。这项研究将提供（1）JPO提供AOD滥用干预的可行性的证据，（2）临床效率的初步证据将JPO作为服务提供者[解决AOD使用，犯罪活动和HIV/STI性风险行为的临床公共卫生结果]，以及（3）确定任何需要解决JPO的障碍以提供此类服务。此应用的主要动机是明确的公共卫生需要改善和扩大少年司法系统中AOD滥用干预措施的交付。在这些高风险的青少年中，最终结果将改善AOD的使用和其他与公共卫生相关的行为（即犯罪行为，HIV/STI性风险行为）。