Yale Center for the Study of Tobacco Product Use and Addiction: Flavors, Nicotine and Other Constituents (YCSTP)

耶鲁大学烟草产品使用和成瘾研究中心：香料、尼古丁和其他成分 (YCSTP)

• 批准号: 10095408
• 负责人: SUCHITRA KRISHNAN-SARIN
• 金额: $ 11.69万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10095408
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Advanced Development; Animal Model; Behavior; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Testing; Brain; Chemicals; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Collaborations; Development; Devices; Dose; Electronic cigarette; Ensure; Faculty; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Foundations; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Harm Reduction; Heart; Human; Inhalation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Maintenance; Manuscripts; Measures; Menthol; Mentorship; Methods; Nicotine; Nicotine Withdrawal; Nicotinic Receptors; Oral; Paper; Pharmacology; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Policies; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Publishing; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Rewards; Role; Sarin; Science; Scientist; Self Administration; Series; Sex Differences; Smokeless Tobacco; Sweetening Agents; Taste Perception; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco use; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Withdrawal; Youth; addiction; age related; behavior test; behavioral pharmacology; career; career development; e-cigarette aerosols; electronic cigarette use; evidence base; experience; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; irritation; mature animal; multidisciplinary; next generation; nicotine exposure; nicotine inhalation; nicotine use; novel; pre-clinical; preconditioning; preference; prevent; response; standardize measure; tobacco products; tobacco regulatory science; tobacco user; trend; vapor

Overall Abstract: YCSTP Tobacco use and addiction remain among the top 10 public health problems in the USA19 To protect the public health, regulatory measures that lessen the appeal and abuse liability of tobacco products are critically needed (WHO-FCTC, 2012). The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA) prohibits the addition of characterizing artificial or natural flavors to tobacco cigarettes. However, menthol is exempt and other tobacco products include a wide variety of flavors. Further regulations of flavors depend on research addressing the significant gap in our understanding of the influence of flavors on the appeal of tobacco/nicotine and the initiation, progression and maintenance of tobacco use18. To address this knowledge gap, the YCSTP uses a multidisciplinary approach to generate essential TRS evidence in the FDA priority domains, Behavior and Addiction. Toward this end, we will examine the role of different classes of flavors (sweet and cool) including sweeteners and novel cool flavors, on initiation, continued use and addiction to nicotine/tobacco, and their relevance to harm reduction. We will build on the methods and findings generated in Yale TCORS-1, and integrate biological and behavioral testing in animal models with behavioral and pharmacological testing in humans to generate a firm scientific foundation for regulation of flavors and nicotine in tobacco products. Project 1 (Jordt/Addy) will use novel and established pre-clinical paradigms to paradigms to examine if preconditioning to flavors and sweeteners influences emergence of nicotine use behaviors and addiction, and the influence of novel cooling agents that may ultimately replace menthol in tobacco products. Project 2 (Krishnan-Sarin/Green) will examine the influence of sweet and cool flavors on initiation behaviors among human youth who are relatively early on the tobacco initiation spectrum and are susceptible to future use. This project will also examine if sweet and cool flavors are differentially important for altering nicotine reward, and facilitating switching behaviors, in younger and older combustible tobacco users. Project 3 (Sofuoglu) will determine the optimal delivery rates that are needed by combustible tobacco users to relieve nicotine withdrawal while producing minimal positive effects, and whether the influence of this delivery rate is altered if combustible tobacco users switch from using mentholated to non-mentholated products. YCSTP goals will be supported by 1) an administrative core that will facilitate and ensure successful completion of all proposed and new research and support collaborations within and across YCSTP, other TCORS, NIH and FDA-CTP, 2) a laboratory core that will provide critical analyses of tobacco products, vapor as well as markers of biological exposure to nicotine and flavors, and 3) by a career enhancement core that will promote the development of fellows and junior faculty as independent TRS investigators. The YCSTP will also use multidisciplinary core expertise to respond to “Rapid Response Project” announcements focused on FDA-CTP needs and the goals of the YCSTP.

总体摘要：YCSTP 烟草的使用和成瘾仍然是美国19号公共卫生问题，以保护公众 健康，减轻烟草产品外观和滥用责任的监管措施至关重要 （WHO-FCTC，2012年）。家庭预防吸烟和烟草控制法（FSPTCA）禁止 在烟草香烟中加入人造或天然口味。但是，薄荷酚是免税的， 其他烟草产品包括多种口味。口味的进一步法规取决于研究 解决我们对口味对烟草/尼古丁外观影响的理解的显着差距 以及烟草使用的主动性，进步和维护18。为了解决这个知识差距，YCSTP 使用多学科方法在FDA优先域中生成必需的TRS证据，行为 和成瘾。为此，我们将研究不同类别的口味的作用（甜而凉爽） 包括甜味剂和新颖的凉爽口味，启动，继续使用和对尼古丁/烟草的成瘾，以及 它们与损害减少的相关性。我们将建立在耶鲁TCORS-1中产生的方法和发现的基础上，以及 具有行为和药物测试的动物模型中的综合生物学和行为测试 人类为烟草产品中的口味和尼古丁的调节奠定了牢固的科学基础。 项目1（Jordt/Addy）将使用新颖和既定的临床前范式进行范式进行检查 到处的口味和甜味剂会影响尼古丁使用行为和成瘾的出现，以及 新型冷却剂的影响最终可能取代烟草产品中的薄荷醇。项目2 （Krishnan-Sarin/Green）将研究甜和凉爽口味对启动行为的影响 相对较早的烟草倡议范围且容易受到未来使用的人类青年。这 项目还将检查甜和凉爽的口味对于改变尼古丁奖励是否重要，并且 在年轻和年龄较大的混合烟草使用者中促进开关行为。项目3（Sofuoglu）将 确定混合烟草用户需要的最佳交付率来营救尼古丁 在产生最小的积极影响时提取，以及该输送率的影响是否会改变 可燃的烟草用户从使用精神错乱的产品转换为。 YCSTP目标将是 由1）一个行政核心支持，该核心将有助于并确保成功完成所有提议和 YCSTP内外的新研究和支持合作，其他TCOR，NIH和FDA-CTP，2）a 实验室核心将对烟草产品，蒸气以及生物学标记进行批判性分析 暴露于尼古丁和口味，3）通过职业增强核心将促进发展 研究员和初级教师是独立TRS调查员。 YCSTP还将使用多学科核心 专业知识以应对FDA-CTP需求和目标的“快速响应项目”公告 YCSTP。