Prevention of Adolescent Risky Behaviors: Neural Markers of Intervention Effects
预防青少年危险行为:干预效果的神经标志物
基本信息
- 批准号:10116596
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 6.7万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-07-01 至 2021-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:13 year oldAIDS/HIV problemAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAddressAdolescenceAdolescentAdolescent Risk BehaviorAffectAfrican AmericanAlcohol consumptionAlcohol or Other Drugs useBehaviorBehavior TherapyBehavioralBiologicalBiologyBrainBrain regionCessation of lifeChild RearingCognitiveComputersDangerous BehaviorDataDecision MakingDevelopmentDiscriminationDrug usageEffectiveness of InterventionsEmotionalEquilibriumExposure toFamilyFibrinogenFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGoalsHIVHIV riskHealthIndividualIndividual DifferencesInformal Social ControlInterventionIntervention StudiesKnowledgeLeadLinkLongevityMeasuresMediatingMethodsMorbidity - disease rateNeighborhoodsNeurobiologyNeurosciencesOutcomePathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPovertyPreventionPrevention programProcessPubertyRaceRandomizedRandomized Controlled TrialsReportingRestRewardsRiskRisk BehaviorsRisk-TakingServicesSex BehaviorSexually Transmitted DiseasesSocial ChangeSocial EnvironmentSocietiesStressSubgroupSuicideSystemTask PerformancesTestingTimeViolenceVirus DiseasesVulnerable PopulationsWaiting ListsYouthalcohol consequencesalcohol responsebasebehavioral outcomecognitive controlcontextual factorscostdesignefficacy studyfunctional MRI scanhealth disparityhigh riskhigh risk behaviorimplementation strategyimprovedinsightintervention effectintervention programmortalityneural circuitneurobiological mechanismpeerpost interventionprematurepreventprogramsprotective factorspsychologicpsychosocialpuberty transitionracial and ethnicrandomized controlled designrelating to nervous systemresponsesegregationsexsocialsocial culturestressorsuccessvehicular accidentyoung adult
项目摘要
Adolescence is a time of dramatic biological, behavioral and social changes. It is one of the healthiest periods of
the life-span, yet morbidity and mortality rates increase 200%, often attributed to natural tendencies to explore
and take risks that increase vulnerability to risky and dangerous behaviors. Rapid advances in developmental
neuroscience are revealing new insights into how biology and social context interact to increase adolescents'
risk-taking behavior which is attributed to a temporal disassociation between maturational changes in two distinct
neural systems: “socio-emotional” (reward) and “cognitive-control” (self-regulation). The socio-emotional system
is stimulated by a rapid increase in dopaminergic activity at puberty, which influences reward-seeking behavior.
This increase in reward-seeking precedes the maturation of the cognitive-control system and its connections to
the reward system. This proposal aims to apply these new insights on neurobiology of adolescents' responses
to alcohol/drug use and sex-related risk opportunities by examining brain changes in response to a theoretically-
based and empirically-tested prevention program that targets risky behavior in African-American youth during
pubertal transition. This racial group is disproportionately affected by the high morbidity and mortality associated
with HIV-related risky behaviors and exemplifies a significant health disparity in our society. The intervention was
designed on the basis of developmental issues and socio-cultural contextual processes germane to African-
American families, and has been shown in randomized controlled trials to delay/deter HIV-related risky behaviors
in this vulnerable population. This proposal extends the efficacy studies of the intervention by using functional
magnetic resonance imaging to quantify the biological changes in response to the intervention. Identifying neural
substrates of the intervention can facilitate refinement of the program by focusing on the components that are
most effective in changing behavioral and neural circuitry and also aid in the development of new interventions
for subgroups of youth that don't have a positive outcome. Using a randomized controlled design, we will assess
the neural substrates of risk-taking and risk-avoidant behavior before and after the 6-week computer-interactive,
family-based intervention in 11-13 year-old African-American youth. Psychological processes shown to mediate
the intervention effects on behaviors that dissuade alcohol and drug use and sexual onset (i.e. reward-drive and
cognitive-emotional self-regulation) will be assessed at baseline and 3 months post-intervention. Based on prior
studies that reported observable brain changes in response to psychosocial interventions, our hypothesis is that
a positive response to the intervention will be associated with greater functional connectivity changes between
the socio-emotional (reward-drive) and cognitive-control (self-regulation) components of the neural circuitry
compared to the control condition, both at rest and during task-performance. We also postulate that these neural
changes will mediate the intervention's positive effects on psychological processes involved in youth's decision
to avoid HIV-risk vulnerability behaviors in the service of long-term personal goals and positive health outcomes.
青少年是一个戏剧性的生物学,行为和社会变化的时期。这是最健康的时期之一
寿命,但发病率和死亡率增加了200%,通常归因于自然倾向
并冒险增加对风险和危险行为的脆弱性。发展的快速发展
神经科学正在揭示有关生物学和社会环境如何相互作用以增加青少年的新见解。
冒险行为归因于两个不同的成熟变化之间的暂时分离
神经系统:“社会情感”(奖励)和“认知控制”(自我调节)。社会情感系统
青春期的多巴胺能活性迅速增加,这会影响寻求奖励的行为。
在认知控制系统的成熟之前,寻求奖励的这种增加及其与之的联系
奖励系统。该建议旨在应用这些有关青少年反应神经生物学的新见解
通过检查理论上的大脑变化,以饮酒/吸毒和性别相关的风险机会
基于经验和经验测试的预防计划,针对非裔美国人青年的冒险行为
青春期过渡。这个种族群体受到高发病和死亡率的影响不成比例
具有与HIV相关的风险行为并免除我们社会的重大健康差异。干预是
基于发展问题和社会文化背景过程的设计
美国家庭,并已在随机对照试验中显示,以延迟/阻止与HIV相关的风险行为
在这个脆弱的人群中。该建议通过使用功能扩展了干预的效率研究
磁共振成像以量化干预措施的生物学变化。识别中性
干预的基材可以通过关注组件来促进该计划的完善
最有效地改变行为和神经电路,也有助于开发新的干预措施
对于没有积极成果的青年子组。使用随机控制设计,我们将评估
在6周计算机相互作用之前和之后的冒险和避免风险行为的神经基质,
基于家庭的干预措施对11-13岁的非裔美国人青年。表现为调解的心理过程
干预对劝阻酒精和吸毒和性发作的行为的影响(即奖励驱动和
认知情感自我调节)将在基线和干预后3个月进行评估。基于先验
报道了可观察到的大脑对心理社会干预措施的可观察到的变化,我们的假设是
对干预的积极反应将与更大的功能连通性变化有关
神经回路的社会情感(奖励驱动器)和认知控制(自我调节)成分
与控制条件相比,在静止和任务绩效期间。我们还假设这些中立
变化将调解干预对青年决定涉及的心理过程的积极影响
为了避免在为长期个人目标和积极的健康成果提供服务中的艾滋病毒风险脆弱性行为。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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{{ truncateString('UMA RAO', 18)}}的其他基金
Effects of Early Life Adversity on Substance Use Problems in Adolescents: Biobehavioral Risk Mechanisms
早期生活逆境对青少年药物使用问题的影响:生物行为风险机制
- 批准号:
10719048 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Racial/Ethnic Influences on Early Vascular Aging and Cardiac Strain: Role of Cumulative Stress, Inflammatory and Metabolic Burden
种族/民族对早期血管老化和心脏劳损的影响:累积压力、炎症和代谢负担的作用
- 批准号:
10503004 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Racial/Ethnic Influences on Early Vascular Aging and Cardiac Strain: Role of Cumulative Stress, Inflammatory and Metabolic Burden
种族/民族对早期血管老化和心脏劳损的影响:累积压力、炎症和代谢负担的作用
- 批准号:
10674059 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Prevention of Adolescent Risky Behaviors: Neural Markers of Intervention Effects
预防青少年危险行为:干预效果的神经标志物
- 批准号:
9914097 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Neurocircuitry in Adolescent Depression
童年虐待对青少年抑郁症神经回路的影响
- 批准号:
10237848 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Prevention of Adolescent Risky Behaviors: Neural Markers of Intervention Effects
预防青少年危险行为:干预效果的神经标志物
- 批准号:
9926022 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Ethnic Influences on Stress, Energy Balance and Obesity in Adolescents
种族对青少年压力、能量平衡和肥胖的影响
- 批准号:
10355414 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Ethnic Influences on Stress, Energy Balance and Obesity in Adolescents
种族对青少年压力、能量平衡和肥胖的影响
- 批准号:
9884557 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Neurocircuitry in Adolescent Depression
童年虐待对青少年抑郁症神经回路的影响
- 批准号:
9766891 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 6.7万 - 项目类别:
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