The effects of orange juice compared with sugar-sweetened beverage on risk factors and metabolic processes associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes

与含糖饮料相比，橙汁对与心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病发展相关的危险因素和代谢过程的影响

• 批准号: 10114837
• 负责人: Kimber Lee Stanhope
• 金额: $ 4.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10114837
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Apolipoproteins B; Beverages; Blood; Calories; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Confusion; Consumption; Country; Development; Diet; Dietary Intervention; Dose; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Exhibits; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Flavanones; Food; Food Labeling; Fructose; Fruit; Glucose Clamp; Gout; Health; Health Benefit; Health Policy; Health Promotion; Hepatic; Indirect Calorimetry; Infusion procedures; Intake; Internet; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Juice; Knowledge; LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins; Lead; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Micronutrients; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Oranges; Overweight; Participant; Prevalence; Procedures; Public Health; Risk; Risk Factors; Scientist; Sucrose; Triglycerides; Uric Acid; Weight; Woman; abdominal fat; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; dietary guidelines; drinking; epidemiology study; evidence base; glucose production; insulin sensitivity; lipid biosynthesis; liver imaging; men; mortality; naringenin; oxidation; response; soft drink; stable isotope; sugar; sweetened beverage; urinary; young adult

Project Summary: Recent evidence from epidemiological studies and dietary intervention studies suggest that consumption of added sugar/sugar-sweetened beverage increases risk for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome and gout. As a result, soda consumption has decreased in this country, and new dietary guidelines and FDA food labeling requirements have been enacted to promote greater reductions in added sugar consumption. However, there are gaps in knowledge regarding the effect of other sugar-containing foods, particularly those of 100% fruit juice, that have led to public confusion about healthier options for soda, and impede progress in implementing public health policies that will promote greater reductions in sugar consumption. The amount of sugar in fruit juice is comparable to the amount in soda. Because of this, some experts believe that the effects of consuming fruit juice are as detrimental, or even worse, than those of soda. However, in contrast to soda, fruit juice contains micronutrients and bioactives that may mitigate the effects of sugar and promote health. Therefore, some scientist believe that fruit juice is a healthier choice than soda. The epidemiological evidence is conflicting, and the results from the limited number of clinical dietary intervention studies that have directly compared the metabolic effects of consuming fruit juice with sugar-sweetened beverage are inconclusive. The objectives of this proposal are to address the gap in knowledge regarding the metabolic effects of consuming orange juice compared with sugar-sweetened beverage. We propose to compare the weight-independent effects of consuming 25% energy requirement as carbohydrate from orange juice or sucrose-sweetened beverages (SBB) for 4 weeks on risk factors and metabolic processes associated with the development of CVD and T2D in normal weight and overweight men and women. We also propose to measure urinary levels of the metabolites and catabolites of the two main flavanones in orange juice and relate these levels to changes in the risk factors and metabolic processes. We hypothesize that consumption of orange juice will have less detrimental effects than SSB on circulating concentrations of lipid/lipoprotein risk factors and uric acid, and on hepatic conversion of sugar to fat (de novo lipogenesis) and hepatic fat accumulation. Weight-maintaining, low sugar diets that contain 50% energy as complex carbohydrate will be provided during the 2-week baseline period, and matched diets that contain 25% energy as complex carbohydrate and 25% energy as carbohydrate from orange juice or sucrose-SB will be provided during the 4-week intervention period. Experimental procedures will be conducted during baseline and during the final 2 weeks of study. The results from this study, whether supportive or unsupportive of our hypotheses, will assist consumers in making informed beverage choices and aid efforts to establish evidence- based public health policy aimed at slowing the epidemics of CVD and T2D.

项目摘要： 流行病学研究和饮食干预研究的最新证据表明，消费 添加的糖/糖甜饮料增加了慢性疾病（例如心血管疾病）的风险 （CVD），2型糖尿病（T2D），代谢综合征和痛风。结果，苏打消耗量有所下降 这个国家以及新的饮食指南和FDA食品标签要求已颁布以促进 添加的糖消耗量的减少量更大。但是，关于影响的知识存在差距 其他含糖的食物，尤其是100％果汁的食物，这引起了公众的困惑 苏打水的更健康的选择，并阻碍实施公共卫生政策的进展，这将促进更大 减少食糖的减少。果汁中的糖量与苏打水的量相当。 因此，一些专家认为食用果汁的影响是有害的，甚至是 比苏打水更糟糕。但是，与苏打水相反，果汁含有微量营养素和生物活性剂 可以减轻糖的影响并促进健康。因此，一些科学家认为果汁是 比汽水更健康。流行病学证据是冲突，数量有限的结果 直接比较食用果汁的代谢作用的临床饮食干预研究 含糖饮料的饮料尚无定论。该提议的目标是解决 与糖味相比，有关食用橙汁的代谢作用的知识 饮料。我们建议将消耗25％能源需求的权重效应与 橙汁或蔗糖甜饮料（SBB）的碳水化合物在风险因素和 正常体重和超重男性的CVD和T2D的发展相关的代谢过程 和女人。我们还建议测量两个主要的代谢产物和分解代谢物的尿液水平 橙汁中的黄酮与风险因素和代谢过程的变化相关联。我们 假设橙汁的消费将比SSB对循环的有害影响较小 脂质/脂蛋白危险因素和尿酸的浓度，以及糖向脂肪的肝转化（从头开始） 脂肪生成）和肝脂肪的积累。维持重量的低糖饮食，含有50％的能量 将在2周的基线期间提供复杂的碳水化合物，并匹配含有25％的饮食 能量为复杂的碳水化合物和25％的能量作为橙汁或蔗糖-SB的碳水化合物的能量 在4周的干预期间提供。实验程序将在基线期间进行 在学习的最后两个星期中。这项研究的结果，无论我们的支持还是不支持我们 假设，将协助消费者做出明智的饮料选择和援助努力以建立证据 - 基于公共卫生政策旨在减慢CVD和T2D的流行病。