Cortical-Basal Ganglia Speech Networks

皮质基底神经节语音网络

• 批准号: 10044852
• 负责人: Robert Mark Richardson
• 金额: $ 119.6万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10044852
• 关键词: Acoustics; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Bypass; Communication; Computer Models; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Data; Deep Brain Stimulation; Dystonia; Electrocorticogram; Electrophysiology (science); Etiology; Event; Evoked Potentials; Exhibits; Force of Gravity; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Inferior; Inferior frontal gyrus; Knowledge; Learning; Linguistics; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Motor; Movement; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Parkinson Disease; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Phase; Population; Process; Production; Protocols documentation; Rest; Role; STN stimulation; Seminal; Series; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Site; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Speech Perception; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; Superior temporal gyrus; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; auditory feedback; awake; cognitive process; cortex mapping; density; frontal lobe; motor learning; nerve supply; nervous system disorder; nonhuman primate; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; response; sequence learning; vocalization

PROJECT SUMMARY Actions are not mediated solely by cortical processes but rely on communication within basal ganglia- thalamocortical loops. Speech is one example, although how the basal ganglia participate in this uniquely human behavior is not clear, due to a lack of empirical data. For instance, the leading computational model of speech production ignores the hyperdirect cortical pathway to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), a basal ganglia node that has been implicated in multiple cognitive processes relevant to speech production (e.g. action selection and suppression, behavioral switching, gain modulation, motor learning). Recognizing that deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery offers the only opportunity to directly measure neural activity in the human basal ganglia, we initiated studies to understand how motor and linguistic speech information is encoded within the STN-sensorimotor cortical network. We established a novel experimental paradigm, where electrocorticography (ECoG) is recorded simultaneously with STN single unit activity and local field potentials (LFP), during DBS surgery in which patients are awake and speaking. We discovered that STN neuron activity is dynamic during speech production, exhibiting behaviorally-selective inhibition and excitation of separate populations of neurons. At the population level, we found that STN activity tracks with specific articulatory motor features and with gain adjustment in articulatory movements. In addition, our data suggest a role for the STN in speech planning, in that STN activity appears to be modulated prior to speech onset. These findings led us to expand ECoG coverage to additionally record from areas involved in speech perception (superior temporal gyrus) and planning (inferior frontal gyrus). Given the evidence in nonhuman primates for an auditory basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop and the known hyperdirect projections from broad areas of frontal cortex to the STN, we propose that hyperdirect pathways from both speech perception and speech planning areas of cortex project to the STN and contribute to speech control. Supporting this idea, we have recorded evoked potentials after STN stimulation that are consistent with antidromic activation not only in sensorimotor cortex, but also from the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG). Our principal hypothesis is that interactions between the STN and functionally distinct cortical regions contribute to multiple aspects of speech, at the levels of perception, planning and modulation. Aim 1 uses stimulation and functional connectivity measures to map the cortical-STN speech network. Aim 2, in parallel, probes proposed basal ganglia functions relevant to speech, by simultaneously recording neural activity and speech acoustics during an auditory repetition tasks that employs the Lombard Effect to selectively perturb speech production. The resulting data will inform modifications to current models of speech production, which subsequently will be tested with cue and response-locked intraoperative stimulation in Aim 3.

项目摘要 动作不是仅由皮质过程介导的，而是依靠基底神经节内的交流 丘脑皮层环。演讲就是一个例子，尽管基底神经节是如何参与这种独特的 由于缺乏经验数据，人类行为尚不清楚。例如，领先的计算模型 语音产生忽略了丘脑下核（STN）的高间接皮质途径，一种基底神经节 与语音产生相关的多个认知过程的节点（例如，行动 选择和抑制，行为切换，增益调制，运动学习）。认识到这一点 脑刺激（DBS）手术提供了直接测量人类神经活动的唯一机会 基底神经节，我们开始研究，以了解电机和语言语音信息如何编码 在STN-Sensorimotor皮质网络中。我们建立了一个新颖的实验范式， 具有STN单位活性和局部田间电势同时记录了皮质学（ECOG）（ECOG） （LFP），在DBS手术期间，患者醒着和说话。我们发现STN神经元活动是 语音生产期间的动态，表现出行为选择性抑制和对单独的激发 神经元的种群。在人群层面，我们发现具有特定关节的STN活动轨迹 电动机特征并随着发音运动的增益调整。此外，我们的数据表明了 语音计划中的STN，该STN活动似乎是在语音发作之前进行调制的。这些发现 使我们扩大了ECOG覆盖范围，以从涉及语音感知领域的额外记录（优越 颞回）和计划（下额回）。鉴于非人类灵长类动物的证据 听觉基底神经节 - 丘脑皮层环和额叶广阔区域的已知超直导投影 STN的皮层，我们建议通过语音感知和语音计划的高直导途径 皮质的区域向STN项目，并有助于语音控制。支持这个想法，我们记录了 STN刺激后的诱发电位与抗抗原激活一致 感觉运动皮层，也来自下额回（IFG）和上颞回（STG）。我们的 主假设是STN与功能不同的皮质区域之间的相互作用有助于 在语音的多个方面，在感知，计划和调制的层面上。 AIM 1使用刺激 和功能连通性措施以绘制皮质-STN语音网络。 AIM 2，并联，探针 提出的基础神经节与语音有关，同时记录神经活动和语音 在听觉重复任务中采用Lombard效果进行有选择性扰动语音的声学 生产。最终的数据将为当前语音生产模型的修改提供信息，这 随后，将通过AIM 3中的提示和反应锁定的术中刺激进行测试。