Preventing outbreaks of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in edible sprouts via novel resistance-conferring seed treatments

通过新型抗性种子处理方法预防食用芽菜中食源性致病菌的爆发

• 批准号: 10009714
• 负责人: Murli Manohar
• 金额: $ 25.21万
• 依托单位: ASCRIBE BIOSCIENCE INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10009714
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alfalfa; Appearance; Bacteria; Bacterial Counts; Biological Sciences; Calcium; Cessation of life; Clover; Consumption; Country; Dangerousness; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Europe; Face; Farming environment; Food Safety; Formulation; Germany; Germination; Goals; Growth; Harvest; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome; Hospitalization; Human; Hypochlorite; Incidence; Individual; Industry; Infection; Intervention; Listeria monocytogenes; Nutritive Value; Onions; Pantoea; Pathogenicity; Phase; Plants; Production; Pseudomonas syringae; Recommendation; Resistance; Rice; Risk; Safety; Sales; Salmonella enterica; Seeds; Shiga Toxin; Smell Perception; Soil; Source; Soybeans; Taste Perception; Technology; Time; Tissues; Trigonella foenum-graecum; Xanthomonas; antimicrobial; base; commercialization; cooking; defense response; efficacy testing; enteric pathogen; foodborne illness; foodborne outbreak; hazard; high risk; human pathogen; improved; innovation; microbial; microbiome; mung bean; nanomolar; novel; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; prevent

Abstract One of the most severe foodborne outbreaks in Europe, and the second-largest “Shiga toxin-producing” E. coli outbreak worldwide, was traced to E. coli O104: H4 in fresh fenugreek sprouts from a farm in Germany. It affected more than 4,075 individuals in 16 countries and included 908 cases complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 50 deaths. In the U.S., sprouts were implicated as the cause of 58 foodborne outbreaks between 1996 and 2017, encompassing at least 1,953 illnesses, 212 hospitalizations, and 5 deaths. Raw and lightly- cooked edible sprouts pose high risk for outbreaks of foodborne illness which typically originate in the seeds (vs. processing condition genesis of typical plant foodborne illnesses). While seeds contaminated with small amounts of human enteric pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes have little to no impact on final non-sprout field grown crops, the distinct warm, humid growing conditions of sprouts serve to dramatically amplify growth of these pathogens to dangerous levels.2-5 As the consumption of edible sprouts, including alfalfa, mung bean and clover continues to increase worldwide, largely due to their short growing period, easy availability and high nutritive value,5 so too does the risk of sprout‐related foodborne illness outbreak. The FDA has expressed serious concern over the increasing number of outbreaks. While the FDA recommends soaking the seeds in 20,000 ppm solution of calcium hypochlorite, as well as applying a least one approved antimicrobial treatment immediately before sprouting,6 high concentrations of antimicrobials fail to completely eliminate bacteria from seed, particularly those that have infiltrated seed tissue. According to the agency, “There is no single treatment so far that has been shown to completely eliminate pathogens on seeds or sprouts that cause foodborne illness without affecting germination or yield.” To prevent outbreaks of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in edible sprouts, Ascribe Bioscience is developing novel resistance-conferring seed treatments based on a natural, microbiome-derived molecule that has been shown to activate a plant's natural defenses to provide protection against a broad range of pathogens in a variety of crops, both pre- and post-emergence. To establish the feasibility of the proposed approach as a means to effectively confer protection to sprouts against human enteric pathogens, Phase I development will target four specific aims: 1) Develop an efficacious formulation for sprout seed treatment based on the microbiome-derived molecule, 2) Test the efficacy of the formulation against human enteric pathogens, 3) Test the efficacy of the seed treatment against human enteric pathogens during seed production and after harvest, 4) Test the efficacy of additional related molecules on growth inhibition of human enteric pathogens. In Phase II, we will finalize the sprout seed treatment formulation and conduct broad spread challenges on other types of spouts. Once fully developed, this intervention has the potential to reduce sprout- related infections and outbreaks.

抽象的 欧洲最严重的食源性疫情之一，第二大“产志贺毒素”大肠杆菌 在全球范围内爆发的疫情中，可追溯到德国农场的新鲜胡芦巴芽中的大肠杆菌 O104: H4。 16个国家超过4,075人，其中包括908例并发溶血性尿毒症综合征的病例 (HUS) 和 50 人死亡，豆芽被认为是 58 起食源性疾病爆发的原因。 1996 年和 2017 年，至少有 1,953 人患病，212 人住院，5 人轻度死亡。 煮熟的食用豆芽对爆发食源性疾病具有很高的风险，这些疾病通常起源于种子（相对于种子）。 典型植物食源性疾病的加工条件起源）。 人类肠道病原体，如肠道沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌 对最终非芽苗田作物影响很小甚至没有影响，芽苗菜独特的温暖、潮湿的生长条件 会极大地放大这些病原体的生长，达到危险水平。2-5 包括苜蓿、绿豆和三叶草在内的豆芽在全球范围内持续增加，这主要是由于它们的生长时间较短 生长期、易于获取和高营养价值，5 与芽苗相关的食源性疾病的风险也很高 FDA 对不断增加的疫情表示严重关切。 建议将种子浸泡在 20,000 ppm 次氯酸钙溶液中，并使用至少一种 在发芽前立即批准抗菌处理，6高浓度的抗菌剂无法 完全消除种子中的细菌，特别是那些已经渗透到种子组织的细菌。 该机构表示，“到目前为止，还没有一种治疗方法被证明可以完全消除病原体 导致食源性疾病但不影响发芽或产量的种子或芽苗。” 为了防止食用豆芽中食源性致病菌的爆发，Ascribe Bioscience 正在 开发基于天然微生物组的新型赋予抗性的种子处理方法 已被证明可以激活植物的天然防御以提供针对植物的保护的分子 各种作物出苗前和出苗后的广泛病原体 建立可行性。 所提议的方法作为有效保护豆芽免受人类肠道侵害的手段 病原体，第一阶段开发将针对四个具体目标：1）开发一种有效的芽苗制剂 基于微生物组衍生分子的种子处理，2) 测试制剂对人类的功效 肠道病原体，3) 测试种子处理过程中种子处理对人类肠道病原体的功效 生产和收获后，4）测试其他相关分子对人类生长抑制的功效 在第二阶段，我们将最终确定芽苗种子处理配方并进行广泛推广。 一旦完全发育，这种干预措施有可能减少其他类型芽的挑战。 相关感染和爆发。