CMV Vaccines: Reinfection and Antigenic Variation

CMV 疫苗：再感染和抗原变异

基本信息

批准号：
10019411
负责人：
William Jarvis Britt
金额：
$ 49.85万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-16 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10019411
关键词：
Address Africa Antigenic Variation Asia Behavior Behavior Therapy Child Clinical Cognitive Therapy Complex Conceptions Congenital Abnormality Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus Infections Cytomegalovirus Vaccines Development Disease Epidemiology Exhibits Exposure to Fetus Frequencies Household Human Immune Immunity Immunologics Incidence Infant Infection Interruption Intervention Lead Link Maternally-Acquired Immunity Mothers Natural History Newborn Infant Northern Europe Performance Population Pregnancy Pregnant Women Prevalence Preventive vaccine Prospective Studies Reporting Research Design Risk Risk Factors Role Rubella virus Secondary to Selection Bias Seroprevalences Source South America Testing Therapeutic Intervention Transplant Recipients Vaccines Variant Virus Virus Diseases Woman Zika Virus adaptive immunity chronic infection congenital infection design genetic variant hearing impairment hearing range in utero infant infection intrauterine infection offspring pregnant prevent preventive intervention response therapy design transmission process viral transmission

项目摘要

Abstract: Congenital human cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common viral infection acquired in-utero and a significant cause of neurodevelopmental abnormalities in infants and children. Although the development of prophylactic vaccines to prevent or modify this intrauterine infection is a high priority, the unique epidemiology of cCMV infections, particularly in highly seroimmune maternal populations presents a potential hurdle for vaccines that will induce immunity similar to that following natural infection. Paradoxically, the rates of cCMV infections are highest in maternal populations with the highest rates of seroimmunity. In addition, the incidence of clinically apparent congenital infections and long term neurodevelopmental sequelae in these populations are similar to those in populations with lower rates of maternal seroimmunity. In this application we will explore the hypothesis that reinfections with new strains of CMV contributes significantly to the incidence of non- primary maternal infections that result in cCMV infection and that the source of new strains of CMV are household exposures, specifically young children. Our approach will be to identify sources of virus exposures, introduce a cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce the risks of these exposures, and to determine the impact of this intervention on the prevalence of cCMV infections in a population of pregnant women with near universal seroimmunity to CMV prior to conception.

抽象的：先天性人类巨细胞病毒 (cCMV) 感染是最常见的宫内病毒感染和婴儿和儿童神经发育异常的一个重要原因。虽然发展预防或改变这种宫内感染的预防性疫苗是当务之急，独特的流行病学 cCMV 感染，特别是在高度血清免疫的孕产妇群体中，这构成了潜在的障碍疫苗将诱导类似于自然感染后的免疫力。矛盾的是，cCMV 的发生率血清免疫率最高的孕产妇群体的感染率最高。此外，发病率这些人群中临床明显的先天性感染和长期神经发育后遗症的发生率与孕产妇血清免疫率较低的人群相似。在此应用程序中，我们将探索假设CMV新毒株的再感染会显着增加非感染性疾病的发生率导致 cCMV 感染的原发性母体感染以及 CMV 新毒株的来源是家庭暴露，特别是幼儿。我们的方法是确定病毒暴露的来源，引入认知行为干预措施以降低这些暴露的风险，并确定该干预措施对患有近视的孕妇群体中 cCMV 感染流行率的影响受孕前对 CMV 的普遍血清免疫。