Robust circuit computation in freely behaving animals.

自由行为动物的鲁棒电路计算。

• 批准号: 10732419
• 负责人: Keith B. Hengen
• 金额: $ 54.68万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10732419
• 关键词: Robust; circuit; computation; freely; behaving

Project Summary/Abstract Sleep is necessary for all brain function and ultimately life. The core function by which sleep contributes to healthy cognition remains one of the great questions facing neuroscience. Recent theories point to powerful cellular rules, but these are controversial and have difficulty accounting for the effects of sleep in ethologically and developmentally diverse circumstances. We recently showed that cortical circuit dynamics are actively tuned to criticality, a computational regime that maximizes information processing. This regime is disrupted by changes in synaptic strength, such as those believed to typify waking experience. This raises the intriguing possibility that the core mechanism by which sleep benefits neural function is by restoring criticality. Our preliminary experiments support this hypothesis. The overall goal of this project is to develop a new framework for understanding the neural impact of sleep and experience at the level of network dynamics. We will continuously track 500-1000 single neurons in the brains of freely behaving animals for up to six months. We will track sleep, wake, behavior, and neural dynamics across the entire distribution of naturally occurring behavior. We will take advantage of this methodologically integrated approach to understand how circuits in the brain maintain the stable computation necessary for cognition and natural behavior on long time-scales. In Aim 1, we will test the relationship between specific classes of behavior and criticality in underlying networks. In Aim 2, we will test the impact of wake and sleep on criticality across the brain for the majority of an animal's lifetime. In Aim 3, we will use a modelling-based approach to establish the mechanisms of criticality in the intact brain. The results of this work will shed light on a long-standing gap in our knowledge of fundamental neurobiology. Given the increasingly recognized role of sleep in a vast number of brain-related disorders, an understanding of how sleep works will open the door to significant health-related progress in the future. This work directly advances the mission of the BRAIN Initiative.

项目概要/摘要 睡眠对于所有大脑功能乃至生命都是必需的。睡眠的核心功能 健康的认知仍然是神经科学面临的重大问题之一。最近的理论表明强大的 细胞规则，但这些是有争议的，并且很难从行为学角度解释睡眠的影响 和发展多样化的环境。 我们最近表明，皮质回路动力学主动调整到临界点，这是一种计算机制 最大化信息处理。这种机制会被突触强度的变化所破坏，例如 被认为代表了清醒的经历。这提出了一个有趣的可能性，即其核心机制 睡眠对神经功能的好处是通过恢复关键性来实现的。我们的初步实验支持这一假设。这 该项目的总体目标是开发一个新的框架来理解睡眠和睡眠对神经的影响 网络动态层面的经验。我们将持续追踪大脑中 500-1000 个单个神经元 自由行为的动物长达六个月。我们将跟踪睡眠、觉醒、行为和神经动态 自然发生的行为的整个分布。我们将利用这种方法论上的整合 理解大脑中的电路如何维持认知和所需的稳定计算的方法 长时间尺度上的自然行为。 在目标 1 中，我们将测试特定行为类别与底层网络关键性之间的关系。 在目标 2 中，我们将测试清醒和睡眠对大多数动物大脑关键程度的影响 寿命。在目标 3 中，我们将使用基于建模的方法来建立完整的临界机制。 脑。这项工作的结果将揭示我们在基本知识方面长期存在的差距 神经生物学。鉴于睡眠在大量大脑相关疾病中的作用日益得到认可， 了解睡眠如何运作将为未来健康相关的重大进展打开大门。这 工作直接推进了 BRAIN Initiative 的使命。