Neural code of the immune responses

免疫反应的神经密码

基本信息

批准号：
9788254
负责人：
Jonathan Kipnis
金额：
$ 112.42万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Neuroimmunology studies communication between the nervous and the immune systems – arguably among the most complicated systems of our body. We have demonstrated that the two systems are closely integrated unlike what was previously assumed and have identified the meninges as the place through which immune cells mediate their effect. We have also (re)discovered meningeal lymphatic vessels and demonstrated that these vessels serve as a communication route between the brain and immunity. The brain is our computing machine that integrates stimuli from the environment and orchestrates responses to these stimuli. But we have evolved and live in the world of microorganisms. It is unconceivable to imagine that the brain would give up on ‘sensing’ the microorganisms. In this proposal, we will test the hypothesis that the defining role of the immune system is to sense microorganisms and inform the brain about them. We propose that the immune responses are hardwired within our brain with connections to numerous circuits. These connections create a “neuroimmune connectome”, altering which interferes with brain function. We will concentrate our efforts to decipher the neuroimmune connectome, to unravel the mechanism through which immune cells inform the brain of commensals and pathogens, and understand the consequences of brain’s response to immunological ‘information’. Understanding immune inputs into brain circuitry could be the key to understanding neurological manifestations of diseases impacted by the immune system as well as the mechanisms of actions underlying the impacts of conventional and complementary/integrative therapies on diseases.

神经免疫学研究神经系统与免疫系统之间的交流 - 可以说是我们身体最复杂的系统之一。我们已经证明，这两个系统与以前假定的不同，并将脑膜鉴定为免疫细胞介导其作用的位置。我们（重新）也发现了脑膜淋巴管，并证明这些血管是大脑和免疫层面之间的通信途径。大脑是我们的计算机，它整合了环境中的刺激并策划对这些刺激的反应。但是我们已经进化并生活在微生物的世界中。令人难以想象的是，大脑会放弃“感知”微生物。在此提案中，我们将检验以下假设：免疫系统的定义作用是感知微生物并告知大脑它们。我们建议，通过与许多电路的连接，免疫调查会在我们的大脑内部固定。这些连接会产生“神经免疫连接”，从而改变了干扰大脑功能。我们将集中精力破译神经免疫性连接素，以揭示免疫孔信息的机制，从而使信息的大脑和病原体的大脑了解，并了解大脑对免疫“信息”的反应的后果。了解免疫计算在脑电路中可能是理解受免疫系统影响的疾病的神经系统表现的关键，以及传统和完整/综合疗法对疾病影响的作用机制。