Behavioral Epigenetics in Children: Exploring the Social and Ethical Implications of Translation

儿童行为表观遗传学：探索翻译的社会和伦理意义

• 批准号: 9789342
• 负责人: Martine D Lappe
• 金额: $ 23.92万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA POLY STATE U SAN LUIS OBISPO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9789342
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Award; Behavioral; Bioethics; Biological; Caring; Case Study; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Child Welfare; Clinical; Communities; Complement; Concept Formation; DNA Sequence; Diet; Disease; Empirical Research; Environment; Epigenetic Process; Ethics; Ethnography; Funding; Gene Expression; Generations; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genomics; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Interview; Laboratory Finding; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Medical Sociology; Mental Depression; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Molecular; Nature; Pathway interactions; Perception; Phase; Physicians; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Process; Production; Public Health; Reading; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Risk; Rodent; Scientist; Site; Societies; Stress; Toxin; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Trauma; United States; Ursidae Family; base; career; career development; community intervention; community setting; epidemiology study; evidence based guidelines; experience; genome sciences; improved; in utero; individual responsibility; interest; intergenerational; intervention program; maternal stress; multidisciplinary; offspring; programs; research and development; science and society; social; social implication; training project

Epigenetics has become an area of growing interest for scientists, physicians, policymakers, and the public. Referring to molecular processes that alter gene expression without changing DNA sequence, epigenetics suggests that factors including diet, toxins, stress, trauma, and parental care may have lasting impacts on intergenerational health. These claims have brought renewed attention to the implications of epigenetics for understandings of health, disease, and individual responsibility. This K99/R00 Award is a five-year training and research project that will use qualitative and bioethical methods to address the social and ethical implications of epigenetics related to child health. The specific aims are: 1) to describe, based on in-depth interviews, how scientific investigators conceptualize epigenetic mechanisms and the implications these views have for understandings of genetic risks and responsibilities related to children's psychiatric, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental health; 2) to conduct 3 ethnographic case studies of community-based intervention programs where epigenetic findings are used to improve children's psychiatric, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental health; and 3) to perform normative analyses, based on findings from Aims 1 and 2, to identify the social and ethical implications of epigenetics in research and community settings. To date, no study has systematically investigated the conceptualizations and processes involved in the production, translation, and application of epigenetic findings related to child health. This study will be the first to collect and analyze empirical evidence to understand the perspectives of differently positioned stakeholders on this important public health issue. This evidence will be used to inform recommendations for the ethical conduct and translation of epigenetics across research, clinical, and community settings. The candidate will receive mentored training in genetics and epigenetics, bioethics, and quantitative methods to facilitate the research and career development goals of this project. The candidate's career goals are: 1) to develop a high-quality, independently funded research program exploring the influence of the genome sciences – including epigenetics – on contemporary conceptualizations of health, disease, and responsibility; 2) to generate empirical research that aids in better understanding the ethical and social implications of epigenetics; and 3) to inform future research and policy related to the implementation of epigenetic and genomic findings related to child health in research, clinical, and community settings. During the K99 phase of this project, the candidate's training will include coursework, directed readings, and the guidance of an accomplished, multidisciplinary mentor team with extensive experience supporting young investigators. This Award will allow the candidate to transition into an independent ELSI researcher with expertise in the empirical study of the implications of genomics and epigenetics for how we conceptualize and understand health, disease, and individual responsibility–an ELSI research priority in the area of Broader Societal Issues.

对科学家，医师，决策者和公众，表观遗传学已成为日益兴趣的领域。 指的是改变基因表达的分子过程，而不改变DNA序列，表观遗传学 表明包括饮食，毒素，压力，创伤和父母护理在内的因素可能对 代际健康。这些主张引起了人们对表观遗传学对 对健康，疾病和个人责任的理解。该K99/R00奖是一项为期五年的培训， 研究项目将使用定性和生物伦理方法来解决社会和道德意义 与儿童健康有关的表观遗传学。具体目的是：1）根据深入的访谈描述 科学研究者概念化表观遗传机制以及这些观点对 了解与儿童的精神病，行为和责任有关的遗传风险和责任 神经发育健康； 2）进行3个民族志案例研究基于社区的干预 表观遗传发现用于改善儿童的精神病，行为和 神经发育健康； 3）根据目标1和2的发现进行正常分析， 确定表观遗传学在研究和社区环境中的社会和道德意义。迄今为止，没有学习 已经系统地研究了生产，翻译， 以及与儿童健康有关的表观遗传发现的应用。这项研究将是第一个收集和分析的研究 经验证据，了解这一重要的利益相关者的观点 公共卫生问题。这些证据将用于告知有关道德行为的建议， 跨研究，临床和社区环境的表观遗传学的翻译。候选人将收到 在遗传学和表观遗传学，生物伦理学和定量方法方面进行了措施，以促进研究 和这个项目的职业发展目标。候选人的职业目标是：1）发展高质量， 独立资助的研究计划探讨了基因组科学的影响 - 包括 表观遗传学 - 关于健康，疾病和责任的当代概念； 2）生成 实证研究有助于更好地理解表观遗传学的道德和社会含义；和3）到 告知未来的研究和政策与实施与表观遗传和基因组发现有关 研究，临床和社区环境中的儿童健康。在该项目的K99阶段，候选人的 培训将包括课程工作，定向阅读以及完成的多学科的指导 指导团队具有丰富的经验，支持年轻调查员。该奖项将使候选人能够 在实证研究中过渡到具有专业知识的独立ELSI研究人员 基因组学和表观遗传学我们如何概念化和了解健康，疾病和个人 责任 - 在更广泛的社会问题领域的ELSI研究优先事项。