OKLAHOMA FAMILY HEALTH PATTERNS: A STUDY ACROSS GENERATIONS

俄克拉荷马州家庭健康模式：跨代研究

• 批准号: 7608097
• 负责人: William R Lovallo
• 金额: $ 0.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7608097
• 关键词: Adoption; Advertising; Affective; Age-Years; Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Area; Behavior; Blinking; Brain Stem; CNS processing; Characteristics; Cities; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Emotional; Emotions; Endocrine; Equilibrium; Event; Family; Family health status; Family history of; Funding; Gambling; Generations; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Hormones; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Institution; Measures; Oklahoma; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peripheral; Persons; Physiological; Prevalence; Process; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk-Taking; Source; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Stress; Surveys; Telephone; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; base; cognitive function; drinking; experience; frontal lobe; insight; men; positive emotional state; response; showing emotion; simulation; social; trait

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Our long-term goal is to develop a better understanding of persons at risk for alcoholism. Alcohol addiction has genetic and environmental contributions. Family prevalence and adoption studies indicated that the risk for alcoholism is an expression of more basic traits that have heritable components. This study is based on the hypothesis that central nervous system processes that integrate emotional behavior are altered in persons at high risk for alcoholism, relative to low risk persons. We predict that altered emotion processing will have three markers that should distinguish high risk individuals. These are: 1) the person's characteristic balance of positive to negative emotions, 2) emotion-related changes in the stress hormone, cortisol, and 3) a measure of emotion-related change in central activation, the startle eyeblink. Random telephone survey and advertising in the Oklahoma City area will be used to identify the 180 men and women, 18-30 years of age, who are low risk, having a negative family history and social drinking patterns. In Study I, we compare the groups using a standard paradigm to examine startle eyeblink magnitude and the emotion modulation of startle that normally occurs to negative and positive emotion-producing stimuli. In Study II, we extend that paradigm by examining the emotion modulation of the startle eyeblink together with cortisol responses to a negatively affective challenge. Other measures include self reported affective states, cognitive functioning, and risk taking in a gambling simulation. Normal affective response to events depends on interactions among the frontal cortex and limbic areas, while the expression of emotions via motoric and endocrine responses depends on normal regulation by the hypothalamus and brainstem. A finding of consistent changes in affective experience, along with altered peripheral physiological responses, can provide insights into the underlying alterations in emotional behavior in risk for alcoholism.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 我们的长期目标是更好地了解有酗酒风险的人。 酒精成瘾有遗传和环境的影响。 家庭患病率和收养研究表明，酗酒的风险是具有遗传成分的更基本特征的表现。 这项研究基于这样的假设：与低风险人群相比，酗酒高风险人群中整合情绪行为的中枢神经系统过程发生了改变。 我们预测，改变的情绪处理将具有三个标记来区分高风险个体。 这些是：1）人的积极情绪与消极情绪的特征平衡，2）压力激素、皮质醇的情绪相关变化，以及3）中枢激活（惊愕眨眼）中与情绪相关的变化的衡量标准。 将利用俄克拉荷马城地区的随机电话调查和广告来识别 180 名年龄在 18 岁至 30 岁之间的低风险、有不良家族史和社交饮酒模式的男性和女性。 在研究一中，我们使用标准范式对各组进行比较，以检查惊恐眨眼的幅度以及通常发生在消极和积极情绪产生刺激下的惊恐情绪调节。 在研究二中，我们通过检查眨眼的情绪调节以及皮质醇对负面情感挑战的反应来扩展这一范式。 其他衡量标准包括自我报告的情感状态、认知功能和赌博模拟中的冒险行为。 对事件的正常情感反应取决于额叶皮层和边缘区域之间的相互作用，而通过运动和内分泌反应表达情绪则取决于下丘脑和脑干的正常调节。 情感体验的持续变化以及周围生理反应的改变的发现可以为酗酒风险中情绪行为的潜在变化提供见解。