Integration and Validation of Lesion Methods for Cognitive Neuroscience

认知神经科学损伤方法的整合和验证

• 批准号: 7670314
• 负责人: Thomas J. Grabowski
• 金额: $ 32.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7670314
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Affect; Anatomy; Area; Associative aphasia; Atlases; Attention; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Benchmarking; Biological Models; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Categories; Cerebral cortex; Cerebrum; Classification; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Complement; Complex; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Databases; Dependency; Detection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Fiber; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Generations; Goals; Gray unit of radiation dose; Impairment; Individual; Institution; Language; Lesion; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Names; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Performance; Physiological; Positron-Emission Tomography; Property; Pure Alexia; Registries; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research Personnel; Resources; Retrieval; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Sampling Biases; Sensitivity and Specificity; Site; Software Validation; Source; Specificity; Statistical Methods; Stroke; Structure; Support System; System; Testing; Tissues; Validation; Validity and Reliability; Visual Fields; Visual evoked cortical potential; Visual system structure; Work; acquired brain damage; base; brain behavior; cognitive neuroscience; digital imaging; focal brain damage; foot; gray matter; imaging modality; improved; interest; neuropsychological; patient registry; public health relevance; regional difference; relating to nervous system; retinotopic; simulation; tool; white matter; white matter damage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The lesion method, which identifies consistent relationships between sites of brain damage and acquired impairments of cognition and behavior, continues to be an indispensable approach in neuroscience for identifying the neural basis of higher function. The overall goal of this project is to put the lesion method on a rigorous, quantitative footing, and to determine and extend its limits, especially with respect to the specificity and interpretability of localization. We will introduce methods for formally integrating connectivity information, from diffusion tensor imaging, into group-level voxel-based lesion-deficit analyses. We will investigate the validity, reliability, and anatomic accuracy of existing and new methods, with particular attention to the impact of the subject group, non-uniform lesion coverage, and the different roles of gray and white matter damage. We will validate voxel-based statistical methods for lesion studies in two ways: 1) with simulations based on a large set of real brain lesions, that capture the effects of the complex structure of the natural lesion sample; and 2) in a well characterized database of lesions in the retinotopically organized visual system, for which there will be multispectral MRI data and extensive functional assessment (retinotopic fMRI, multifocal visual evoked potentials, quantitative visual fields, and metabolic PET data). Another overarching goal is to determine best practices for the lesion method, including identification of the optimal (efficient, sensitive, valid) forms of analysis and generation of resources for evaluating future improvements in the methods. Finally, we will disseminate methods, software, validation data sets, and performance benchmarks generated in this Project to the brain mapping community. The work proposed here will enable the lesion method to be used with unprecedented confidence to identify the essential components of neural systems for normal cognition and behavior. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Studying the behavioral and cognitive consequences of focal brain damage provides information about the brain basis of cognitive abilities that can be gained from no other source. The proposed work will help establish best practices for the lesion method, making it easier to study and understand the impairments that result from stroke and other neurologic diseases.

描述（由申请人提供）：损伤方法识别脑损伤部位与后天认知和行为损伤之间的一致关系，仍然是神经科学中识别高级功能的神经基础不可或缺的方法。该项目的总体目标是将病变方法置于严格的定量基础上，并确定和扩展其局限性，特别是在定位的特异性和可解释性方面。我们将介绍将连接信息从扩散张量成像正式集成到基于组级体素的病变缺陷分析中的方法。我们将研究现有方法和新方法的有效性、可靠性和解剖准确性，特别关注受试者组的影响、病变覆盖不均匀以及灰质和白质损伤的不同作用。我们将以两种方式验证用于病变研究的基于体素的统计方法：1）基于大量真实脑部病变的模拟，捕获自然病变样本复杂结构的影响； 2）在视网膜组织视觉系统病变的良好表征数据库中，其中将有多光谱 MRI 数据和广泛的功能评估（视网膜功能磁共振成像、多焦视觉诱发电位、定量视野和代谢 PET 数据）。另一个总体目标是确定病变方法的最佳实践，包括确定最佳（高效、灵敏、有效）的分析形式以及生成资源以评估方法的未来改进。最后，我们将向大脑图谱社区传播本项目中生成的方法、软件、验证数据集和性能基准。这里提出的工作将使损伤方法能够以前所未有的信心使用来识别正常认知和行为的神经系统的基本组成部分。公共卫生相关性 研究局灶性脑损伤的行为和认知后果提供了有关认知能力的大脑基础的信息，而这些信息是无法从其他来源获得的。拟议的工作将有助于建立损伤方法的最佳实践，使研究和理解中风和其他神经系统疾病造成的损伤变得更容易。