Cross Modal integration and Plasticity in SIV Cortex

SIV 皮质中的跨模态集成和可塑性

• 批准号: 7362377
• 负责人: M ALEX MEREDITH
• 金额: $ 39.1万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7362377
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Anterior; Architecture; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Clinical; Cognitive; Complex; Condition; Confocal Microscopy; Detection; Development; Documentation; Electric Stimulation; Exhibits; Explosion; Foundations; GABA Antagonists; Goals; Grant; Injection of therapeutic agent; Investigation; Lead; Link; Location; Modality; Modeling; Neurons; Numbers; Paper; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pattern; Perception; Procedures; Process; Property; PubMed; Reporting; Research Personnel; SIV; Sensory; Series; Somatosensory Cortex; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Tactile; Testing; Tracer; Weight; base; design; insight; interest; neural circuit; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; selective attention; sensory cortex; somatosensory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In just the last decade, studies of multisensory processing have doubled all preceding efforts and a multitude of behavioral and perceptual manifestations have already been documented. It is widely accepted that differences in these final products of neural processing depend on differences in the arrangement and weighting of relevant neural inputs. However, investigations into the neural bases for multisensory processing have been relatively uncommon and, consequently, only one model of multisensory convergence has been offered despite these disparate effects. In this model, converging excitatory afferents from different sensory modalities combine to enhance responses to spatially and temporally coincident multisensory stimuli in a fashion that is clearly linked to detection and orientation behaviors. Yet some multisensory effects do not obey these conventions and it is the central hypothesis of this proposal that there is more than one form of multisensory convergence. Accordingly, during the previous grant period, a 'new' form of multisensory convergence was discovered in somatosensory cortex whereby excitatory afferents from one modality were modulated by inhibitory inputs from another. In fact, a high proportion (approximately 70%) of seemingly 'unimodal' neurons in the fourth somatosensory cortical area (S IV) was suppressed by inputs from the auditory Field of the Anterior Ectosylvian Sulcus (FAES) by GABA-ergic mechanisms. The goal of the present proposal is to expose the fundamental properties of this 'new' form of multisensory convergence by exploring the connectional, functional and developmental mechanisms which underlie it. As more models of convergence become available, understanding the relationship between a particular afferent architecture and the resulting behavioral or perceptual effect will help devise testable hypotheses by which the mechanisms of multisensory processing can be further manipulated and assessed. Ultimately, by understanding the neural bases for multiple forms of cross-modal architecture, we will gain insight into not only non-tactile influences on tactual processing, but also into broad features underlying behavior and perception relevant to both normal and clinical conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，对多感觉处理的研究已经翻了一番，并且已经记录了许多行为和知觉表现。人们普遍认为，这些神经处理的最终产物的差异取决于相关神经输入的排列和加权差异。然而，对多感觉处理的神经碱基的研究并不常见，因此，尽管有这些不同的影响，但仅提供了一种多感觉收敛模型。在此模型中，从不同的感觉方式收集兴奋性传入结合在一起，以显然与检测和方向行为相关的方式增强对空间和时间上一致的多感官刺激的响应。然而，某些多感官效应不遵守这些惯例，这是该提议的核心假设，即有多种形式的多感官收敛。因此，在上一个赠款期间，在体感皮层中发现了一种“新”多感官收敛形式，从而从一种模态引起的兴奋性传统受到另一种抑制性输入的调节。实际上，在第四个体感皮质区域（S IV）中，高比例（约70％）被GABA - 毒机制抑制了第四个体感皮质区域（S IV）。本提案的目的是通过探索构成其构成的连接，功能和发展机制来揭示这种“新”形式的多感官收敛形式的基本属性。随着更多收敛模型的可用模型，了解特定传入架构与所得的行为或感知效应之间的关系将有助于设计可检验的假设，通过这些假设可以进一步操纵和评估多感官处理的机制。最终，通过了解多种形式的跨模式结构的神经碱基，我们将不仅深入了解对触觉处理的非骨骼影响，还可以介绍与正常和临床条件有关的潜在行为和感知的广泛特征。