Visuomotor functions of ascending pathways to frontal cortex

额叶皮层上升通路的视觉运动功能

• 批准号: 7667853
• 负责人: Marc A Sommer
• 金额: $ 34.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7667853
• 关键词: Area; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebrum; Dentate nucleus; Disease; Eye Movements; Feedback; Figs - dietary; Generations; Goals; Individual; Laboratories; Macaca mulatta; Mediating; Monitor; Monkeys; Movement; Neurons; Neurosciences; Output; Pathway interactions; Perception; Play; Primates; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Saccades; Signal Transduction; Structure; Substantia nigra structure; System; Testing; Thalamic structure; Vision; Visual system structure; Work; design; frontal eye fields; frontal lobe; programs; success; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; visual motor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The study of neuronal circuits in the brain is essential for determining how the visual system functions and how it becomes impaired in disease states. The long-term goal of this application is to determine how structures in the primate brain cooperate to subserve vision and control eye movements. One prominent visuosaccadic region of cortex is the frontal eye field (FEF), which projects subcortically to contribute to saccade generation. Yet the FEF also receives ascending input from pathways originating in subcortical structures including the superior colliculus (SC), the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and the dentate nucleus (DN). What are the functions of these ascending pathways? We showed previously that the SC-FEF pathway conveys feedback about saccades (corollary discharge), but relatively little is known about the SNr-FEF and DN-FEF pathways. The SNr is an output node of the basal ganglia, a system necessary for making voluntary movements, while the DN is an output node of the cerebellum, which is more critical for making visually-guided movements. Hence we predict that the SNr-FEF and DN-FEF pathways play differential roles related to making voluntary and visually-guided saccades. The overall goal of this proposal is to determine the functions of the SNr-FEF and DN-FEF pathways. The first specific aim is to record from identified neurons throughout each pathway and determine the signals they encode. We hypothesize that the SNr-FEF and DN-FEF pathways convey activity preferentially correlated with voluntary and visually-guided saccades, respectively. The second aim is to reversibly inactivate each pathway and infer its behavioral function by studying saccadic deficits. We hypothesize that the SNr-FEF pathway contributes to generating or monitoring voluntary saccades while the DN-FEF pathway contributes to generating or monitoring visually-guided saccades. The third aim is to reversibly inactivate each pathway and infer its circuit-level function by studying changes in FEF activity. We hypothesize that the SNr-FEF pathway causes FEF activity accompanying voluntary saccades while the DN-FEF pathway causes FEF activity accompanying visually-guided saccades. The overall result of this study, taken together with our previous work, will be to establish the functions of three parallel pathways ascending to the FEF.

描述（由申请人提供）：大脑神经元回路的研究对于确定视觉系统如何发挥作用以及在疾病状态下如何受损至关重要。该应用的长期目标是确定灵长类动物大脑中的结构如何合作以促进视力和控制眼球运动。皮层的一个突出的视觉扫视区域是额叶视野（FEF），它向皮质下投射以促进扫视的产生。然而，FEF 还接收来自皮质下结构（包括上丘 (SC)、黑质网状部 (SNr) 和齿状核 (DN)）的上行输入。这些上升通道的功能是什么？我们之前表明 SC-FEF 通路传递有关眼跳（必然放电）的反馈，但对 SNr-FEF 和 DN-FEF 通路知之甚少。 SNr 是基底神经节的输出节点，基底神经节是进行随意运动所必需的系统，而 DN 是小脑的输出节点，对于进行视觉引导的运动更为关键。因此，我们预测 SNr-FEF 和 DN-FEF 通路在进行自愿和视觉引导的眼跳方面发挥着不同的作用。该提案的总体目标是确定 SNr-FEF 和 DN-FEF 通路的功能。第一个具体目标是记录每个通路中已识别的神经元并确定它们编码的信号。我们假设 SNr-FEF 和 DN-FEF 通路分别传达与自愿和视觉引导的眼跳优先相关的活动。第二个目标是可逆地灭活每个通路，并通过研究扫视缺陷来推断其行为功能。我们假设 SNr-FEF 通路有助于生成或监测自愿眼跳，而 DN-FEF 通路有助于生成或监测视觉引导眼跳。第三个目标是通过研究 FEF 活性的变化，可逆地灭活每个通路并推断其电路水平功能。我们假设 SNr-FEF 通路导致 FEF 活动伴随自愿眼跳，而 DN-FEF 通路导致 FEF 活动伴随视觉引导眼跳。结合我们之前的工作，本研究的总体结果将是建立上升至 FEF 的三个平行路径的功能。