Positive Affect and Pediatric Asthma: An Innovative Positive Psychology Model to Improve Asthma Management and Health

积极情绪与小儿哮喘：改善哮喘管理和健康的创新积极心理学模型

• 批准号: 10712703
• 负责人: Brooke Jenkins
• 金额: $ 66.01万
• 依托单位: CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712703
• 关键词: Adherence; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Affect; Age; Area; Asthma; Behavior Therapy; Caregivers; Caring; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Chronic Disease; Clinic; Clinical; Compensation; Data Collection; Development; Diagnosis; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotions; Ensure; Foundations; Funding; Future; Guidelines; Happiness; Health; Health behavior; Healthcare; Individual; Inhalation; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Literature; Measures; Medical; Modeling; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Patient Recruitments; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Preventive; Psychology; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Schools; Seasons; Self Management; Social Network; Stress; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; adherence rate; adverse outcome; design; experience; follow-up; improved; innovation; medication compliance; novel strategies; participant retention; primary caregiver; prospective; recruit; skills; stress management; stress reduction; trait

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Asthma, a leading chronic illness in childhood, can be life-threatening and is associated with a multitude of adverse outcomes. Guideline-recommended medical care including the use of daily, effective inhaled corticosteroids, has greatly improved the treatment of asthma. However, asthma remains a considerable health concern, particularly among adolescents, who often have preventive medication adherence rates as low as 50%. This poor adherence may not be surprising given that adolescence is a developmental period characterized by increased autonomy including self-managing one’s health care, a skill that takes time to master. Further, stress has been shown to negatively impact asthma health in adolescents, and this could in part be due to stress’ negative association with medication adherence. Thus, innovative approaches to improving adherence to preventive medication and decreasing stress are needed to promote better asthma health. Positive Psychology is the study of positive experiences, positive individual traits, and supportive social networks. Positive affect (e.g., emotions such as happiness) is a major component in Positive Psychology and has been demonstrated in multiple peer reviewed studies to boost health in several conditions. Evidence suggests that the health enhancing effects of positive affect occur through its beneficial impact on health behaviors (such as medication adherence) and stress. Given the role of medication adherence and stress in asthma health, we expect that positive affect will benefit asthma health by increasing medication adherence and decreasing stress, as well as have direct effects on asthma health. That said, positive affect, adherence, stress, and asthma health are all dynamic in nature changing from moment to moment, but the momentary effects of and interactions among these factors have not been studied together in prior asthma literature. Testing these associations at the momentary level may help uncover nuanced relationships informing behavioral interventions that can be adaptive over time to fit not only the person but the occasion (i.e., what is happening in that moment), thus increasing intervention effectiveness for the management of asthma. Thus, the present proposal will test the associations between momentary-positive-affect and asthma health, as well as the hypothesized mechanisms behind this association, using a longitudinal burst design with momentary assessment of adolescents with moderate to severe persistent asthma. The work in this application lays the foundation for the development of adaptive behavioral interventions to better treat asthma in adolescents.

项目概要/摘要 哮喘是儿童时期的一种主要慢性疾病，可能会危及生命，并与多种疾病有关。 指南推荐的医疗护理，包括使用每日有效的吸入药物。 皮质类固醇已大大改善了哮喘的治疗，但是，哮喘仍然是一个相当大的健康问题。 尤其是在青少年中，他们的预防药物依从率往往低至 50%。 鉴于青春期是一个以以下特征为特征的发育时期，这种不良的依从性可能并不令人惊讶 增加自主权，包括自我管理自己的医疗保健，这是一项需要时间才能掌握的技能此外，还有压力。 已被证明会对青少年的哮喘健康产生负面影响，这可能部分是由于压力所致” 因此，提高依从性的创新方法。 需要预防性药物治疗和减轻压力来促进更好的哮喘健康。 积极心理学是对积极经历、积极个人特质和支持性社会的研究 积极情感（例如幸福等情绪）是积极心理学和网络的重要组成部分。 多项同行评审研究已证明可在多种情况下促进健康。 表明积极情绪的健康促进作用是通过其对健康的有益影响而产生的 行为（例如药物依从性）和压力 考虑到药物依从性和压力在其中的作用。 哮喘健康，我们预计积极的影响将通过增加药物依从性和 减轻压力，并对哮喘健康有直接影响。 也就是说，积极情绪、依从性、压力和哮喘健康本质上都是动态的，从 每时每刻，但这些因素的瞬时影响和相互作用尚未被研究 在先前的哮喘文献中一起测试这些关联可能有助于揭示细微差别。 关系告知行为干预，可以随着时间的推移进行适应性调整，不仅适合个人，而且适合 场合（即当时发生的事情），从而提高管理层的干预有效性 哮喘。 因此，目前的提案将测试瞬时积极情绪与哮喘之间的关联 健康，以及该关联背后的发达机制，使用纵向突发设计 对患有中度至重度持续性哮喘的青少年进行瞬时评估。 为开发适应性行为干预措施以更好地治疗哮喘奠定基础 青少年。