Implications of Parental Incarceration for Child Health and Wellbeing

父母监禁对儿童健康和福祉的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10707344
负责人：
Sarah Font
金额：
$ 51.07万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-20 至 2027-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10707344
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adult Age Asian Attention Birth Black American Black race Caregivers Characteristics Charge Child Child Abuse and Neglect Child Development Child Health Child Support Child Welfare Childhood Cognitive Communities Compensation Consensus Criminal Justice Data Development Disparity Economics Education Employment Environment Ethnic Origin Exposure to Face Family Characteristics Fathers General Population Health Hispanic Hispanic Americans Home Imprisonment Income Inequality Information Systems Jail Knowledge Length Life Link Literature Living Arrangement Low income Measures Mental Health Methodology Modeling Native Americans Outcome Parents Patient Self-Report Personal Satisfaction Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Policies Population Positioning Attribute Poverty Pregnancy Pregnancy in Adolescence Prisons Program Development Race Recording of previous events Records Research Resources Role Sample Size Sampling Selection Bias Social Environment Social Work Surveys System Testing Time Violence Wisconsin Youth adverse outcome cohort early childhood emerging adult ethnic disparity examination questions exhaust experience foster care foster home health assessment health disparity high risk improved insight interest intergenerational neglect neighborhood disadvantage physical conditioning population based racial disparity residence risk mitigation social social adversity young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed project will investigate the impacts of maternal and paternal incarceration on children’s health and wellbeing from birth to young adulthood. The most rigorous studies to date have not yielded a consensus on the magnitude, consistency, or even direction of parental incarceration’s causal effects, particularly for children in high-risk environments. Prior research on the effects of experiencing parental incarceration is limited by truncated observation periods, sample attrition, self-report measures of incarceration and child wellbeing, and lack of data on criminal charges or the context of incarceration itself. In contrast, the proposed study will construct two statewide birth cohorts (children born 2000-2002 and 2009-2011, totaling approximately 400,000 children), allowing for assessment of health and development at all stages of childhood and into early adulthood. Developmental domains include physical and mental health, cognitive/educational outcomes, and (in adolescence and early adulthood) pregnancy and parenthood, criminal activity, educational attainment, and employment/earnings. In Aim 1, we estimate impacts of maternal and paternal incarceration on children’s health and wellbeing from birth through early adulthood. We will compare children exposed to parental incarceration to the general population and to children in various counterfactual conditions (e.g., children whose parents are involved with the criminal justice system but not incarcerated). We account for observable factors that correlate with both parental incarceration and child wellbeing. We also leverage approaches for isolating causal effects (e.g., within-person estimation, instrumental variables). In Aim 2, we investigate the contributions of maternal and paternal incarceration to disparities in health and wellbeing for Black, white and Hispanic children, with attention to the differences in social and economic opportunities and treatment within the criminal justice system that underlie disparities in exposure to parental incarceration. Lastly, in Aim 3, we assess—overall and by race/ethnicity—the role of children’s social environments prior to maternal or paternal incarceration, and changes to their environments during and subsequent to parental incarceration, in explaining how and for whom parental incarceration may impact child health and wellbeing. We consider aspects of the social environment to include living arrangements (e.g., with a parent, with relatives, in foster care) before, during, and after parental incarceration, as well as the economic resources and caregiver characteristics within these environments.

项目摘要拟议的项目将调查母亲和父亲进化对从出生到年轻人的儿童健康和福祉。迄今为止最严格的研究在父母的大小，一致性甚至方向上都没有达成共识监禁的因果关系，特别是对于高风险环境中的儿童。先前的研究关于经历父母影响的影响，受截断的观察期限限制，样本流失，自我报告的进化和儿童福祉以及缺乏数据刑事指控或继承本身的背景。相反，拟议的研究将建造两个全州出生队列（儿童2000-2002和2009-2011，总计大约40万儿童），允许对健康和发展进行评估童年的阶段至成年初。发展领域包括物理和心理健康，认知/教育成果以及（在青少年和成年初）怀孕和育儿，犯罪活动，受教育程度以及就业/收入。在AIM 1中，我们估计物物和父亲进化对儿童健康的影响以及从出生到成年初的幸福。我们将比较暴露于父母的孩子在各种反事实条件下对普通人群和儿童的监禁（例如父母参与刑事司法系统但未被监禁的孩子）。我们说明与父母监禁和儿童相关的可观察因素福利。我们还利用隔离因果影响的方法（例如估计，仪器变量）。在AIM 2中，我们调查了孕产妇和黑色，白人和西班牙裔健康和福祉差异的花纹监禁儿童，关注社会和经济机会和治疗的差异在暴露于父母事件的刑事司法系统中。最后，在AIM 3中，我们在种族/种族中评估儿童社会的作用遗物或父亲进化之前的环境，并改变其环境在父母进化期间和之后，在解释父母如何和谁时监禁可能会影响儿童健康和福祉。我们考虑社会的各个方面包括生活安排的环境（例如，与父母，与亲戚一起在寄养中）父母事件之前，期间和之后以及经济资源和在这些环境中的照顾者特征。