Functional Understanding of Chromosome Arm Aneuploidies

染色体臂非整倍体的功能理解

• 批准号: 10684338
• 负责人: Alison M. Taylor
• 金额: $ 40.76万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10684338
• 关键词: Aneuploid Cells; Aneuploidy; Atlases; Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Arrest; Cell Line; Cells; Cellular biology; Chromosome Arm; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosomes; Computational algorithm; DNA biosynthesis; Data; Dedications; Dependence; Disease; Event; Genes; Genetic; Genome engineering; Genomics; Goals; Human; Human body; In Vitro; Individual; Knowledge; Libraries; Methods; Pattern; Phenotype; Population; Research; Research Proposals; Testing; Tissues; Work; cancer cell; next generation sequencing; programs; single cell sequencing; transcriptomics

Project Summary Aneuploidy (gain or loss of a chromosome) and partial aneuploidy (gain or loss of a chromosome arm) have long been observed in cancer cells and are the cause of several congenital diseases. Interestingly, advances in next-generation sequencing have more recently demonstrated the presence of aneuploidy in healthy cells. The goal of this research proposal is to uncover the downstream effects of individual aneuploidies. We developed new computational algorithms to identify aneuploidy events from genomic and transcriptomic data. Our methods allow for identification of small populations of aneuploid cells from bulk sequencing data. In addition, single-cell sequencing of healthy tissues will allow for identification of even rarer aneuploidy events. By leveraging existing comprehensive efforts to characterize single cells from across the human body, we will build an atlas of aneuploidy events occurring in healthy tissue. To directly test the effects of aneuploidy alterations in human cells, I developed a genome engineering approach for targeted deletion of chromosome arms in vitro. We previously used this approach to generate isogenic cell line pairs with and without chr3p deletion and found that chr3p deletion leads to cell cycle arrest. Some of our cell lines adapted to chr3p deletion by duplicating their wildtype copy of chr3, transitioning to a state of chr3q gain. Cells with chr3q gain showed differential dependency on genes involved in DNA replication. Here, we will use these cells to identify the mechanisms of these cell cycle phenotypes, as well as determine which chr3 genes contribute to these phenotypes. In addition, we will create a library of cell lines for each chromosome arm deletion. These cell lines will be critical to compare and contrast the downstream effects of different aneuploidy events in human cells. With this work, we will firmly establish a research program dedicated to understanding the consequences of specific aneuploidies in human cells.

项目概要 非整倍性（染色体的获得或丢失）和部分非整倍性（染色体臂的获得或丢失） 长期以来一直在癌细胞中观察到这种现象，并且是多种先天性疾病的原因。有趣的是， 新一代测序的进展最近证明了健康个体中存在非整倍体 细胞。该研究计划的目标是揭示个体非整倍体的下游影响。 我们开发了新的计算算法来识别基因组中的非整倍性事件 转录组数据。我们的方法可以从大量细胞中鉴定出小群体的非整倍体细胞 测序数据。此外，健康组织的单细胞测序将能够识别更罕见的组织 非整倍体事件。通过利用现有的综合努力来表征来自整个细胞的单细胞 人体，我们将建立一个健康组织中发生的非整倍体事件图谱。 为了直接测试人类细胞中非整倍体改变的影响，我开发了基因组工程 体外定向删除染色体臂的方法。我们之前使用这种方法来生成 具有和不具有 chr3p 删除的同基因细胞系配对，发现 chr3p 删除会导致细胞周期停滞。 我们的一些细胞系通过复制其野生型 chr3 副本来适应 chr3p 删除，从而转变为一种状态 Chr3q 增益。具有 chr3q 增益的细胞表现出对参与 DNA 复制的基因的不同依赖性。这里， 我们将使用这些细胞来识别这些细胞周期表型的机制，并确定哪些 chr3 基因促成这些表型。此外，我们将为每条染色体创建一个细胞系库 手臂删除。这些细胞系对于比较和对比不同细胞的下游效应至关重要。 人类细胞中的非整倍性事件。通过这项工作，我们将坚定地建立一个致力于 了解人类细胞中特定非整倍体的后果。