Defining the role of short-chain fatty acids in adolescent opioid reinforcement and epigenetic regulation

定义短链脂肪酸在青少年阿片类药物强化和表观遗传调控中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10369599
负责人：
Rebecca Hofford
金额：
$ 5.75万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-15 至 2022-06-03
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10369599
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Adverse event Affect Animals Antibiotics Architecture Area Back Bacteria Behavior Behavioral Blood - brain barrier anatomy Brain Brain region ChIP-seq Chromatin Cocaine Communication DNA Binding Data Development Drug Modulation Drug usage Emotional Epigenetic Process Essential Drugs Exposure to Female Adolescents Fentanyl Fiber Gene Expression Genes Genetic Transcription Histone Acetylation Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Histones Inflammation Intake Lesion Life Link Male Adolescents Measures Medial Mental disorders Methods Modeling Molecular Morphine Motivation Mus Ontology Opioid Pathologic Pathway interactions Pattern Peripheral Pharmaceutical Preparations Physiological Post-Translational Protein Processing Prefrontal Cortex Production Psychological reinforcement RNA Rattus Regulation Rewards Risk Factors Role Route Self Administration Site Substance Use Disorder Supplementation System Testing Time Volatile Fatty Acids Work addiction anxiety-like behavior behavioral response biological adaptation to stress chromatin immunoprecipitation chromatin modification conditioned place preference critical developmental period drinking water drug of abuse drug reward epigenetic regulation experimental study fatty acid supplementation gut bacteria gut microbiome gut-brain axis histone acetyltransferase histone modification hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis insight knock-down mesolimbic system microbiome myelination preference prevent response sex synaptic pruning systemic inflammatory response transcriptomics

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescence is the time of life when drug use is initiated; for this reason, adolescence represents a sensitive period for the development of substance use disorder. Adolescents are undergoing many physiological changes at this time, including marked changes in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region responsible for inhibiting motivational drive. However, changes in the brain are co-occurring with changes in the periphery. The adolescent gut microbiome is also in flux and shifts in the predominant species of bacteria during this time have been linked to systemic inflammation, anxiety-like behavior, and stress responses. There is a growing appreciation for peripheral factors in psychiatric disturbance and our lab has shown that the gut microbiome might contribute to substance use disorder. Our preliminary results indicate that adults with gut microbiome depletion have altered cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP). However, adolescent, but not adult, mice demonstrated decreased morphine CPP after short-term gut microbiome knockdown, suggesting that adolescents are more sensitive to disruption of the gut microbiome. While the gut microbiome communicates with the brain in more than one way, one major route of communication is via microbiome- derived metabolites. The short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are breakdown products of fiber; these metabolites readily cross the blood brain barrier and act as histone deacetylase inhibitors. Given the ability of SCFAs to alter histone post-translational modifications and likely gene expression, we performed transcriptomic profiling of adolescent and adult mPFC after manipulation of the gut microbiome. Microbiome-depleted adolescent mice treated with morphine had 3x the amount of differentially regulated genes compared to depleted adults given morphine. Gene ontology analysis identified patterns of genes involved in chromatin modification including enhanced activity of histone deacetylase inhibitors, decreased histone acetyltransferase activity, decreased DNA binding, and decreased RNA transcription in adolescents with a reduced gut microbiome given morphine, but not in similarly treated adults. Our previous studies have suggested that the reduction in SCFAs produced by microbiome depletion might underlie modulation of drug reward; supplementation of SCFAs eliminated the effect of microbiome knockdown on cocaine place preference. The current proposal will build upon our preliminary results to investigate the role of the adolescent gut microbiome on fentanyl self-administration and will seek mechanistic understanding of its influence by examining the contribution of gut microbiome-derived metabolites in opioid reinforcement and chromatin modification in mPFC.

项目摘要/摘要青春期是启动吸毒的生命时期。因此，青春期代表一个敏感的开发药物使用障碍的时期。青少年正在经历许多生理此时的变化，包括内侧前额叶皮层（MPFC）的明显变化，一个大脑区域负责抑制动机动力。但是，大脑的变化与外围。青少年肠道微生物组也处于通量和主要种类中的变化在此期间，与系统性炎症，焦虑症行为和压力反应有关。那里对精神病障碍中的外围因素越来越欣赏，我们的实验室表明肠道微生物组可能导致药物使用障碍。我们的初步结果表明成年人微生物组的耗竭改变了可卡因条件的位置偏好（CPP）。但是，青少年，但不是成年小鼠在短期肠道微生物组敲低后显示出吗啡CPP降低，表明那些青少年对肠道微生物组的破坏更为敏感。而肠道微生物组以多种方式与大脑进行交流，一种主要的交流途径是通过微生物组 - 衍生的代谢产物。短链脂肪酸（SCFA）是纤维的分解产物。这些代谢物容易越过血脑屏障并充当组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂。鉴于SCFA的能力改变组蛋白的翻译后修饰和可能的基因表达，我们进行了转录组分析肠道微生物组操纵后的青少年和成年MPFC。微生物组耗尽的青少年小鼠用吗啡处理的差异基因的量与给定的成年人相比有3倍。吗啡。基因本体分析确定了参与染色质修饰的基因模式，包括组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂的活性增强，组蛋白乙酰转移酶活性降低，降低 DNA结合并减少了肠道微生物组降低的青少年的RNA转录，吗啡，但没有类似治疗的成年人。我们以前的研究表明，SCFA的减少产生微生物组的耗竭可能是对药物奖励的调节的基础。补充SCFA消除了微生物组敲低对可卡因位置偏好的影响。当前的提议将基于我们初步结果是研究青少年肠道微生物组对芬太尼自我给药和将通过检查肠道微生物组衍生的贡献来寻求对其影响的理解阿片类药物增强中的代谢产物和MPFC中的染色质修饰。