The Impact of Waterpipe Tobacco Flavors on Waterpipe Smoking Intentions, Perceptions, Patterns, and Toxicant Exposure

水烟烟草口味对水烟吸烟意图、感知、模式和有毒物质暴露的影响

• 批准号: 9230590
• 负责人: Theodore Lee Wagener
• 金额: $ 11.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9230590
• 关键词: Abstinence; Acute; Address; Adult; Air; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Benzene; Breathing; Burn injury; Candy; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Charcoal; Cigarette; Crossover Design; Dependence; Development; Dose; Exposure to; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Flavoring; Foundations; Frequencies; Fruit; Health; Heating; Heavy Metals; Hour; Internet; Investigation; Knowledge; Lung diseases; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Measures; Menthol; Methods; Nicotine; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Plasma; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Reporting; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Savory; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Surgeon; Sweetening Agents; Tars; Taste Perception; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Toxicant exposure; Travel; Water; Youth; abstracting; base; cigarette smoking; experience; hookah; improved; innovation; novel; pattern perception; respiratory; satisfaction; smoke inhalation; toxicant; uptake; willingness; young adult

Abstract: Waterpipe smoking in the US is on the rise and beginning to overtake cigarettes as the most popular method of tobacco use among young adults. Unfortunately, waterpipe smoking is associated with many of the same negative health outcomes as cigarette use such as cancer, lung disease, respiratory illness, and cardiovascular disease. A potential reason for the appeal of waterpipe tobacco is that it is almost exclusively flavored with both sweeteners and additional fruit, candy, savory and dessert flavorings. The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act which banned flavors, except menthol, from cigarettes due to scientific evidence indicating that flavors increased youth initiation and maintained use among adults, does not currently apply to waterpipe tobacco. As a result, waterpipe tobacco is currently unregulated and comes in hundreds of flavors. In order to regulate waterpipe tobacco effectively, the FDA requires clear scientific evidence to support regulations. To date, no study has experimentally and systematically investigated the impact of waterpipe tobacco flavors on waterpipe initiation, smoking behaviors, abuse liability, or resultant exposure to tobacco- related toxicants. The proposed study will provide this needed scientific evidence. Using a randomized crossover-design, 60 current waterpipe smokers (30 low dependent, 30 high dependent) will complete three counterbalanced waterpipe smoking sessions with three differently flavored tobacco (preferred flavor- sweetened, unflavored-sweetened, unflavored-very low sweetened) that are preceded by 12 hours of tobacco/nicotine abstinence. Sessions will be separated by a standard 48-hour washout period, and waterpipe tobacco nicotine levels will be held constant across sessions. Measures of smoking behavior (puff topography) and acute toxicant exposure (CO boost and plasma nicotine) will be collected, in addition to self-report measures of abuse liability, intentions for continued use, and importance of flavors for using waterpipe. If flavorings are determined to influence users to initially try waterpipe, increase their willingness to continue to use the product, and/or make it more palatable to puff more frequently or take longer/deeper puffs, then flavors would be contributing to the initiation and maintenance of waterpipe dependence. This innovative study in its systematic examination of the impact of waterpipe flavors, will provide the scientific foundation the FDA and other agencies need to establish effective regulatory strategies for the manufacture, distribution, and marketing of waterpipe tobacco.

抽象的： 美国吸烟的水管正在上升，并开始超越香烟作为最受欢迎的方法 年轻人中使用烟草。不幸的是，吸水管吸烟与许多相同 诸如癌症，肺病，呼吸道疾病和 心血管疾病。吸引水管烟草的一个潜在原因是它几乎是完全的 既有甜味剂和额外的水果，糖果，咸味和甜点调味剂的调味。一家吸烟 预防和烟草控制法，由于科学而禁止烟熏除薄荷醇外的口味 证据表明口味增加了青年的启蒙和在成年人中的使用，目前尚未 应用于水烟烟草。结果，供水烟草目前不受监管，有数百个 口味。为了有效地调节水培烟草，FDA需要明确的科学证据来支持 法规。迄今为止，尚未在实验和系统上研究水管的影响 水管起始，吸烟行为，滥用责任或导致烟草的风味 相关的毒物。拟议的研究将提供此必需的科学证据。使用随机 跨界设计，60个当前水管吸烟者（30个低依赖，30个高依赖性）将完成三个 平衡的水管吸烟会议，三个不同风味的烟草（首选风味 - 甜味，无味的，无味的低甜味），之前有12个小时的 烟草/尼古丁禁欲。会议将以标准的48小时冲洗期和水管分开 烟草尼古丁水平将在整个会议上保持不变。吸烟行为的度量（泡芙地形） 除自报告外，还将收集急性毒性暴露（CO增强和血浆尼古丁） 虐待责任的措施，持续使用的意图以及使用水管的重要性。如果 调味剂决心影响用户最初尝试供水管，增加他们继续前进的意愿 使用该产品，和/或使其更适合更频繁地吹酸或更深/更深的泡芙，然后再粉彩 将有助于水管依赖的启动和维护。这项创新的研究 对水管口味影响的系统检查将为科学基础提供FDA和 其他机构需要为制造，分销和营销建立有效的监管策略 水烟烟草。