Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Research Domain Neurocircuits

童年虐待对研究领域神经回路的影响

• 批准号: 9520431
• 负责人: MARTIN H TEICHER
• 金额: $ 8.1万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9520431
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Age-Years; Amygdaloid structure; Anger; Anhedonia; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain imaging; Brain region; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Chronology; Clinical; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Costs and Benefits; Data; Data Set; Depressed mood; Detection; Development; Down-Regulation; Emotional; Exposure to; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Gender; Hand; Hippocampus (Brain); Household; Individual; Interview; Knowledge; MRI Scans; Maps; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mission; Morphology; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Valence; Neurobiology; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personality; Play; Population Attributable Risks; Positive Valence; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychiatric Diagnosis; Psychopathology; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Severities; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Stress; Structure; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Ventral Striatum; Work; anxiety symptoms; base; brain pathway; clinical Diagnosis; data mining; early life stress; experience; fighting; information processing; interest; maltreated children; maltreatment; negative affect; neural circuit; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel strategies; recruit; response; reward anticipation; secondary analysis; symptomatology; visual stimulus

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project was initiated by NIMH to provide a new approach to the assessment of mental disorders that may better suit the research mission of the NIMH. RDoC is based on the premise that mental illnesses are disorders of brain circuits, which consist of regions and pathways that work together to accomplish particular tasks, and if altered can result in psychopathology. We are especially interested in the impact of childhood maltreatment, as maltreatment and household dysfunction are the leading preventable causes of mental illness. Our primary focus is to delineate critical and sensitive periods in brain development when early life stress may alter RDoC-associated neurocircuits. Further, we have also argued that maltreated and non-maltreated individuals with the same primary psychiatric diagnosis are clinically and neurobiologically distinct. What this means is that brain imaging findings, such as reduced hippocampal volume or heightened amygdala response, may be seen in depressed individuals with histories of maltreatment but not in depressed individuals who were not maltreated. Hence, there is also a pressing need to know whether RDoC-associated neurocircuit abnormalities associated with symptoms of anxiety or anhedonia apply to all subjects or are specific to those with histories of maltreatment. Our aim is to test these hypotheses through secondary analyses of a data set that consists of MRI scans from 340 unmedicated individuals 18-25 years of age. These subjects were recruited from the community and have completed the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scale that provides retrospective data on severity of exposure to ten types of maltreatment across each year of childhood. More than half of the total sample suffered from depression or anxiety. Two circuits will be examined. One circuit plays an important role in detecting and responding to threats and helps determine our fight of flight response. The other circuit is involved in predicting and evaluating the cost/benefits of rewards in order to determine how hard to work for them. Conventional statistical methods will be used to identify regions and pathways that are susceptible to early life stress, and data mining techniques will then be used to delineate the type and time of maltreatment that had the greatest effect on these structures. This information is important as it will enable us to understand what types of exposure place children at greatest risk for anxiety and depression and their associated neurobiological mechanisms. Further, this information may also reveal times when treatments may be most beneficial.

NIMH启动了研究领域标准（RDOC）项目，以提供新的方法 评估可能更适合NIMH研究任务的精神障碍。 RDOC基于 前提是精神疾病是脑电路的疾病，包括有效的区域和途径 共同完成特定的任务，如果改变会导致心理病理学。我们尤其是 对儿童虐待的影响感兴趣，因为虐待和家庭功能障碍是 可预防的精神疾病原因。我们的主要重点是描述关键时期 当生命早期压力可能会改变与RDOC相关的神经环节时，大脑发育。此外，我们也 认为患有相同原发性精神诊断的虐待和未虐待的个体是 临床和神经生物学上的不同。这意味着大脑成像发现，例如减少 海马体积或杏仁核反应增强，可以在患有历史的沮丧个体中看到 虐待，但没有受到虐待的沮丧个人。因此，也有紧迫的需求 知道与焦虑症状相关的RDOC相关神经通路异常是 Anhedonia适用于所有受试者，或针对患有虐待病史的受试者。我们的目标是测试这些 通过辅助分析的数据集的假设，该数据集由340次未经测验的MRI扫描组成 个人18-25岁。这些主题是从社区招募的，已完成 暴露量表的虐待和滥用年表，提供有关暴露严重程度的回顾性数据 每年童年每年的十种虐待类型。超过一半的样本遭受了 抑郁或焦虑。将检查两个电路。一个电路在检测和 应对威胁并有助于确定我们的飞行响应斗争。另一个电路参与 预测和评估奖励的成本/收益，以确定如何为他们努力工作。 传统的统计方法将用于识别容易受到早期生活的区域和途径 然后，将使用压力和数据挖掘技术来描述虐待的类型和时间 对这些结构的最大影响。这些信息很重要，因为它将使我们能够了解什么 暴露的类型使儿童处于焦虑和抑郁及其相关神经生物学的最大风险 机制。此外，此信息也可能揭示了治疗可能最有益的时间。