Modulation of Hippocampal Circuitry and Memory Function with Focused Ultrasound in Amnestic MCI

遗忘型 MCI 中聚焦超声对海马回路和记忆功能的调节

• 批准号: 10685436
• 负责人: SUSAN Y BOOKHEIMER
• 金额: $ 61.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10685436
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Alzheimer associated neurodegeneration; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease pathology; Alzheimer’s disease biomarker; Anterior; Area; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood flow; Brain; Brain region; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Deep Brain Stimulation; Devices; Diagnosis; Dose; Double-Blind Method; Episodic memory; Focused Ultrasound; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hearing; Hippocampus; Human; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Memory; Morphology; Neuropsychology; Operative Surgical Procedures; Participant; Patients; Penetration; Performance; Perfusion; Phase; Population; Prosthesis; Randomized; Rest; Sampling; Site; Structure; Surface; Techniques; Testing; Thick; Time; Treatment outcome; Up-Regulation; amnestic mild cognitive impairment; behavior measurement; blood-based biomarker; brain magnetic resonance imaging; cranium; effective therapy; entorhinal cortex; follow-up; healthy aging; improved; mild cognitive impairment; multimodal neuroimaging; neural; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; neurosurgery; temporal measurement; ultrasound; white matter

ABSTRACT For patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) there are few effective treatments for memory enhancement. Strategies that directly manipulate neural activity are promising but currently have serious limitations. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the entorhinal cortex (ERc), a part of the brain important for memory, in a small sample of patients has been shown to improve memory, but DBS is highly invasive and requires neurosurgery. Other neuromodulation techniques that do not require surgery are limited in that they target only surface brain structures. In MCI and AD, it is the deep brain structures, including the ERc and the hippocampus (HC) that are most affected. Low intensity focused ultrasound pulsation (LIFUP) uses acoustic energy waves with frequencies higher than humans can hear to penetrate the skull to effect specifically targeted deep brain regions. Therefore, LIFUP could be targeted at the deep brain structures critical for episodic memory formation, the same regions that are affected in MCI and AD. We are the first to do just this and our preliminary data shows that LIFUP: increases perfusion of the ERc; increased functional connectivity of the ERc/HC memory network and may improve behavioral memory performance. Our LIFUP set-up is safe to use inside a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine which allows for simultaneous brain modulation and real- time measurement of the modulation using MRI. We will use each participant’s structural brain MRI to aim LIFUP at the ERc. This will allow us to directly test the effects of LIFUP on activity in the ERc, in other brain regions connected to the ERc (e.g. HC), as well as on blood flow in the HC and other brain areas important for memory. Applying this to patients with MCI, we will try to determine the dose, booster effect and duration of LIFUP effects on brain and blood flow, structure and function, determine whether these LIFUP-related changes improve memory in this population and evaluate the effect of LIFUP on blood-based biomarkers of AD-related neurodegeneration. Understanding how the parameters of LIFUP dose and booster session effect the impact and duration of LIFUP on brain, biomarker and memory performance will be a significant step towards constructing a comprehensive clinical trial. The ability to change the activity and blood flow of brain regions by targeting them with LIFUP would be an important step towards developing a non-invasive memory prosthetic that would make a very significant contribution to AD treatment.

抽象的 对于轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者来说，有效的治疗方法很少 直接操纵神经活动的治疗方法很有希望，但 目前，内嗅皮层（ERc）（大脑的一部分）的深部脑刺激（DBS）存在严重局限性。 对记忆力很重要，在一小部分患者样本中已被证明可以改善记忆力，但 DBS 的效果非常显着 侵入性且需要神经外科手术的其他神经调节技术是有限的。 因为它们仅针对 MCI 和 AD 中的大脑表面结构，而是大脑深层结构，包括 ERc。 以及受影响最严重的海马体 (HC) 使用低强度聚焦超声脉动 (LIFUP)。 频率高于人类可听到频率的声能波可穿透颅骨，产生特定效果 因此，LIFUP 可以针对对情景至关重要的深层大脑结构。 记忆形成，MCI 和 AD 中受影响的区域相同，我们是第一个做到这一点的人。 初步数据表明，LIFUP：增加 ERc 的灌注；增加 ERc 的功能连接； ERc/HC 记忆网络，可以提高行为记忆性能，我们的 LIFUP 设置可以安全使用。 在磁共振成像 (MRI) 机器内，允许同时进行大脑调制和实时 使用 MRI 测量调制时间 我们将使用每个参与者的大脑结构 MRI 来瞄准 LIFUP。 这将使我们能够直接测试 LIFUP 对 ERc 和其他大脑区域活动的影响。 与 ERc（例如 HC）以及 HC 和其他对记忆很重要的大脑区域的血流有关。 将此应用于 MCI 患者，我们将尝试确定 LIFUP 效果的剂量、增强效果和持续时间 大脑和血流、结构和功能，确定这些与 LIFUP 相关的变化是否有所改善 该人群的记忆力并评估 LIFUP 对 AD 相关血液生物标志物的影响 了解 LIFUP 剂量和加强疗程的参数如何影响效果。 LIFUP 对大脑、生物标志物和记忆力表现的持续时间将是朝着这一目标迈出的重要一步 构建全面的临床试验通过改变大脑区域的活动和血流的能力。 用 LIFUP 瞄准它们将是开发非侵入性记忆假体的重要一步 这将为 AD 治疗做出非常重大的贡献。