Drug Use Among Hispanic Emerging Adults

西班牙裔新兴成年人的吸毒情况

• 批准号: 8225214
• 负责人: LOURDES A. BAEZCONDE-GARBANATI
• 金额: $ 61.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8225214
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Area; Assimilations; Child; Communication; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Demographic Factors; Dependency; Deterioration; Development; Discrimination; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Education; Emotional; Employment; Epidemiology; Extended Family; Family; Family member; Feeling; Friends; Friendships; Gender; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Health education; Hispanic Americans; Hispanics; Home environment; Immigrant; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Los Angeles; Mainstreaming; Marijuana; Marriage; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mexican Americans; Occupational; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Problem behavior; Psychological Factors; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Sex Characteristics; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Staging; Stress; Students; Surveys; Tobacco use; Training; behavioral/social science; career; cohesion; cohort; cultural values; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; ethnic discrimination; experience; family structure; health disparity; high risk; high school; improved; parental monitoring; peer; prevent; role model; social; social science research; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Among Hispanic adolescents, cultural factors such as acculturation, perceived discrimination, and acculturative stress are risk factors for drug use. Previous studies suggest that the effects of acculturation on drug use may be mediated by family functioning; when adolescents acculturate more rapidly than their parents, the parent- child acculturation discrepancy can lead to breakdowns in family communication and cohesion and increases in family conflict, which in turn can lead to risky behaviors such as drug use among the adolescents. Although there is considerable information about the role of family acculturation patterns in drug use among Hispanic adolescents, we do not know how family acculturation patterns affect adolescents as they transition into the next stage of life, emerging adulthood. Emerging adulthood, a provisional stage in which young adults try out adult roles but may not become firmly entrenched in them, is characterized by identity exploration, residential instability, self-focus, a subjective feeling of being between adolescence and true adulthood, and increased opportunities. In general, individuals who navigate this transition smoothly emerge with a more developed sense of identity, successful interpersonal relationships, new life roles, and minimal levels of substance use. However, the high level of independence and low level of social constraints that occur during emerging adulthood also make this a high-risk period for drug use and other problem behaviors. Understanding how factors in adolescence affect drug use in early adulthood can lead to better intervention efforts for adolescents. More research is needed to determine how cultural factors influence the transition to emerging adulthood among Hispanics and to identify the risk factors for escalation of drug use during this pivotal transition. This continuation application proposes to follow an established cohort of Hispanic adolescents (12th graders in the 2008-2009 school year) for an additional 4 years to identify the predictors of their drug use trajectories during the transition to emerging adulthood. The Specific Aims of the proposed research are the following: (1) Conduct an additional 4 annual surveys of the participants; (2) Construct individual growth curves to describe their use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs; (3) Identify the predictors of the growth curve parameters, including cultural factors, peer factors, substance use during high school, psychological factors, and demographic factors; (4) Evaluate emerging adulthood variables as potential mediators of these influences, including identity exploration, experimentation / possibilities, instability (residential mobility, role transitions), self-focus, and subjective experience of being in-between adolescence and adulthood; and (5) Make recommendations for the development of improved health education messages to prevent drug use among acculturating Hispanics during the transition to emerging adulthood. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This application addresses the public health goals of preventing and reducing substance use among young adults. It also aims to reduce health disparities by identifying risk and protective factors that are specific to Hispanics.

描述（由申请人提供）：在西班牙裔青少年中，文化因素，例如文化，感知的歧视和适应性压力是吸毒的危险因素。先前的研究表明，适应对药物使用的影响可能是由家庭功能介导的。当青少年比父母更快地培养时，父母的儿童文化差异可能会导致家庭交流和凝聚力和家庭冲突增加的崩溃，这反过来又可能导致危险的行为，例如青少年的吸毒。尽管关于家庭文化模式在西班牙裔青少年中的毒品使用中的作用有大量信息，但我们不知道家庭文化的模式如何影响青少年过渡到下一阶段的生活阶段，而成年。新兴成年是一个临时阶段，年轻人尝试成人角色，但可能不会牢固地根深蒂固，其特征是身份探索，居住不稳定，自我对焦，一种在青春期和真正的成年和真正的成年之间的主观感觉以及增加的机会。通常，在这种过渡方面进行导航的个人以更加发达的身份感，成功的人际关系，新的生活角色和最少的物质使用水平。但是，在成年期间发生的高独立性和低水平的社会约束也使这成为吸毒和其他问题行为的高风险时期。了解青春期的因素如何影响成年初期的药物使用会导致青少年的更好干预工作。需要进行更多的研究来确定文化因素如何影响西班牙裔中新兴成年的过渡，并确定在这种关键过渡期间吸毒的危险因素。该延续申请建议遵循既定的西班牙裔青少年队列（2008-2009学年的12年级），以确定其在过渡到新兴成年期间其毒品使用轨迹的预测因素。拟议研究的具体目的是：（1）对参与者进行另外4年的年度调查； （2）构建个体生长曲线，以描述它们对烟草，酒精，大麻和其他药物的使用； （3）确定生长曲线参数的预测因素，包括文化因素，同伴因素，高中期间的药物使用，心理因素和人口统计学因素； （4）评估新出现的成年变量是这些影响的潜在介体，包括身份探索，实验 /可能性，不稳定性（住宅流动性，角色转变），自我聚焦和自我对焦和主观经验，这些经验是在青春期和成年之间受到影响的； （5）提出建议，以开发改进的健康教育信息，以防止在过渡到新兴成年期间的西班牙裔培训中使用药物。公共卫生相关性：该申请解决了预防和减少年轻人使用物质使用的公共卫生目标。它还旨在通过确定特定于西班牙裔的风险和保护因素来减少健康差异。