Neural processing of communication sounds: acoustic features and semantic content

通信声音的神经处理：声学特征和语义内容

• 批准号: 10673168
• 负责人: Angeles Salles
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10673168
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Chiroptera; Communication; Communication impairment; Complex; Computer Models; Data; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Dissection; Echolocation; Educational workshop; Emotional; Ensure; Environment; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Exposure to; Food; Foundations; Frequencies; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Knowledge; Language; Limbic System; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Muscimol; Neurons; Neurosciences; Pathway interactions; Phase; Population; Process; Production; Psychophysics; Rattus; Research; Role; Saline; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Specialist; Speech; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; Study models; System; Testing; Training; Ultrasonics; Universities; Work; auditory processing; auditory stimulus; behavior measurement; behavioral response; extracellular; human subject; language processing; model organism; neural; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; pharmacologic; programs; research facility; response; social; social communication; sound; speech processing; stimulus processing; success; vocalization

Project Summary Acoustic communication is crucial for social interactions in many species, including humans. Understanding the neural underpinnings that govern the production and processing of communication sounds is paramount to advance the fields of auditory neuroscience and social behavior. Studies investigating speech and sound processing in humans have mostly implemented non-invasive methods, leaving a gap in knowledge about underlying neural mechanisms. My project bridges this gap by exploiting scientific advantages of echolocating bats, mammals that produce and process a rich repertoire of acoustic signals, to investigate the circuits that contribute to the discrimination of complex sounds that carry different meanings. Bats are social mammals with well-developed audio-vocal systems and produce ultrasonic vocalizations for navigation and social communication, providing a distinct opportunity to study the pathways, molecules and brain regions, which enable complex sound processing. Aim 1 combines behavior and neurophysiology to investigate the specific acoustic features of communication calls that are key to evoke behavioral responses and the neural systems involved in sound discrimination. Aim 2 combines psychophysical, neurophysiological, and pharmacological inactivation methods to study the midbrain-amygdala circuit's role in mediating discrimination of sounds that show overlap in spectro-temporal features but carry different semantic content. Aim 3 investigates circuit phenomena in a social context by combining neurophysiological recordings and targeted pharmacological inactivation in freely interacting bats. The overarching hypothesis of this research program is that social- emotional processing of auditory stimuli through a midbrain-amygdala circuit mediates the discrimination of sounds that carry different meaning. The significance of this project resides in the extraordinary scientific opportunities to bridge studies of auditory behaviors, single neuron recordings, circuit dissection and computational modeling in a mammalian model. This work will contribute key new knowledge of natural sound processing mechanisms in mammals that could inform a deeper understanding of human auditory communication disorders. Johns Hopkins University offers an outstanding environment to conduct this project, as it provides access to world class research facilities, seminars and workshops offered by the Center for Hearing and Balance, the Center for Language and Speech Processing; along with an extraordinary network of mentors and collaborators who will provide training and guidance to ensure the success of this project.

项目概要 声音交流对于包括人类在内的许多物种的社会互动至关重要。 了解控制通信声音的产生和处理的神经基础是 对于推进听觉神经科学和社会行为领域至关重要。研究调查言语和 人类的声音处理大多采用非侵入性方法，在这方面留下了知识空白 潜在的神经机制。我的项目通过利用回声定位的科学优势来弥补这一差距 蝙蝠是一种产生和处理丰富声音信号的哺乳动物，以研究产生和处理丰富声音信号的电路 有助于区分具有不同含义的复杂声音。蝙蝠是社会性哺乳动物 完善的音频发声系统并产生用于导航和社交的超声波发声 沟通，提供了一个独特的机会来研究通路、分子和大脑区域， 启用复杂的声音处理。目标 1 结合行为和神经生理学来研究具体的 通信呼叫的声学特征是引起行为反应和神经系统的关键 涉及声音歧视。目标 2 结合了心理物理学、神经生理学和药理学 研究中脑杏仁核回路在介导声音辨别中的作用的失活方法 显示光谱-时间特征重叠，但携带不同的语义内容。目标 3 研究电路 通过结合神经生理学记录和有针对性的药理学来研究社会背景下的现象 自由互动的蝙蝠失活。该研究计划的总体假设是社会- 通过中脑杏仁核回路对听觉刺激进行情感处理，介导对听觉刺激的辨别 带有不同含义的声音。该项目的意义在于非凡的科学意义 有机会连接听觉行为、单神经元记录、电路解剖和 哺乳动物模型中的计算建模。这项工作将贡献自然声音的关键新知识 哺乳动物的处理机制可以帮助更深入地了解人类听觉 沟通障碍。约翰·霍普金斯大学为开展该项目提供了优越的环境， 因为它可以让您使用听力中心提供的世界一流的研究设施、研讨会和讲习班 和平衡，语言和语音处理中心；以及非凡的导师网络 以及将提供培训和指导以确保该项目成功的合作者。