Mutliple Social Tasks and Social Adjustment

多重社会任务和社会适应

• 批准号: 7559489
• 负责人: SUN-MEE KANG
• 金额: $ 14.49万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-07 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7559489
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Age; Area; Asperger Syndrome; Autistic Disorder; Child; Clinical; Clinical Assessment Tool; Clip; Cognitive; Communities; Computers; Conceptions; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Emotions; Facial Expression; Feeling; Foundations; Future; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Intelligence; Intelligence Tests; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Paper; Pilot Projects; Process; Psyche structure; Research; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Simulate; Social Adjustment; Social Interaction; Social Work; Testing; Work; base; college; computerized; innovation; intervention program; peer; social; social skills; theories; tool; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this project is to assess individual differences in social intelligence by applying the concept of working memory and its framework to the area of social intelligence. By adopting a working memory perspective, I aruge that a core aspect of social intelligence is the mental ability to handle multiple social tasks efficiently and hypothesize that individuals with a larger capacity of social working memory should be recognized as more socially and interpersonally adjusted than those with a lower capacity. To test this hypothesis, a new social intelligence task called the "Multiple Social Tasks (MST)" has been developed. This computer test consists of two dual-processing tasks in which examinees are asked to identify (1) facial expressions in still photos and (2) the feelings of interviewee's in short video clips under simulated social interactions. To establish the construct validity of the MST, four studies will be conducted to test its predictive, discriminant, and convergent validity, along with the generalizability of the MST. In Study 1, the effects of social vs. cognitive distracting tasks on emotion recognition will be examined in order to further understand how different types of distracting tasks influence recognition accuracy under simulated social situations. In Study 2, the predictive, convergent, and discriminant validity of the MST will be tested using peer-ratings on social skills collected in a longitudinal study. In Study 3, the construct validity of the MST will be re-evaluated using different measures of social skills observed in a stranger-encounter situation. Finally, Study 4 will address the issue of the generalizability of the MST beyond a college sample. The main goal of Study 4 is to explore the association between social working memory and social skills with adult community samples that consist of a wide range of ages and diverse ethnic backgrounds among individuals. If the construct validity of the MST is successfully established through the four studies, this new test can be a useful tool to reevaluate a spectrum of interpersonal adjustment problems including social impairment in High- Function Autism or Asperger Syndrome. The results of this project can also facilitate the development of innovative intervention programs that promote social skills.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是通过将工作记忆的概念及其框架应用于社会智能领域来评估社会情报中的个体差异。通过采用工作记忆的观点，我阐明了社会智力的核心方面是有效地处理多个社会任务的精神能力，并假设应该将具有更大社会工作记忆能力的个人在社会上和人际关系上比具有较低能力的人进行更大的社交和人际调整。为了检验这一假设，已经开发了一项新的社会情报任务，称为“多个社会任务（MST）”。该计算机测试包括两个双处理任务，要求考生在静止照片中识别（1）面部表情以及（2）在模拟的社交互动下，在简短的视频片段中受访者的感觉。为了建立MST的构造有效性，将进行四项研究，以测试其预测性，判别和收敛的有效性以及MST的普遍性。在研究1中，将检查社会与认知分散注意力对情绪识别的影响，以进一步了解不同类型的分心任务如何影响模拟社交情况下的识别精度。在研究2中，将使用同伴评估对MST的预测，收敛性和判别有效性进行测试，这些纵向研究中收集的社交技能。在研究3中，将使用在陌生人遇到的情况下观察到的不同社交技能的不同措施来重新评估MST的构造有效性。最后，研究4将解决MST在大学样本之外的普遍性问题。研究4的主要目的是探索社会工作记忆与社交技能与成人社区样本之间的关联，这些样本包括各个年龄段和个人之间各种种族背景。如果通过四项研究成功建立了MST的构建效度，则该新测试可能是重新评估一系列人际调整问题的有用工具，包括高功能自闭症或阿斯伯格综合症的社会障碍。该项目的结果还可以促进开发促进社交技能的创新干预计划。