Examining Contraceptive Access and Use among Youth with Child Welfare Involvement

检查参与儿童福利的青少年的避孕药具获取和使用情况

• 批准号: 10667208
• 负责人: Katie Massey Combs
• 金额: $ 7.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10667208
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; African American; Age; American Indians; Attitude to Health; Buffers; Categories; Characteristics; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Welfare; Code; Collection; Communities; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Usage; Data; Education; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Face; Family; Female; Female Adolescents; Future; General Population; Health behavior; Home; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Longitudinal Studies; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policy Maker; Population; Predictive Factor; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive; Race; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Services; Sexual Health; Social support; Source; Surveys; System; Testing; Vulnerable Populations; Youth; adverse childhood events; biological sex; career; child protective service; experience; foster care; high school; male; marginalization; multilevel analysis; participant interview; psychosocial; racial population; reproductive; response; service delivery; sex; socioeconomics; unintended pregnancy

Project Summary Roughly half of females with child welfare involvement report a pregnancy by age 19 , which is twice the rate of a national sample of youth of similar age and racial/ethnic composition. To date, little is known about sexual and reproductive health of youth with child welfare involvement beyond that they are at increased risk of unintended pregnancy. Even less is known about the sexual and reproductive health of younger adolescents, males, and youth who are not removed from their homes, and few data exist on contraceptive access and use. Contraceptive access and use are critical, not only because of their implications for reducing unintended pregnancy, but because of their effect on agency, autonomy, and lifelong socioeconomic opportunities. While contraceptive access and use have been studied in other populations, these topics are likely distinct for youth with child welfare involvement, given disruptions they commonly experience with systems and adults who typically provide such education and support (i.e., families, schools), and the unique connection to another formal system - child welfare. This project fills these gaps by using existing data from a longitudinal study of youth with open child welfare cases during the transition to high school. The multi-wave study interviewed male and female participants (n=245) three times across adolescence (between ages 12 to 18), and included key variables on contraceptive access and use, sexual and reproductive health attitudes, psychosocial predictors, and child welfare characteristics. We will first estimate the longitudinal experiences of contraceptive access across these critical adolescent ages (Aim 1). We will also code open-ended responses to items on sources of contraceptive access and types of contraceptives used and describe themes. After estimating trajectories of contraceptive access and use, this project will examine modifiable factors that may buffer the risk of adversities that youth with child welfare involvement face (Aim 2). Specifically, the project will examine whether the following predict contraceptive access and use: a) sexual and reproductive health attitudes, b) school attachment, c) adult social support, and d) future orientation. In Aim 3, we will assess how relationships between the modifiable factors and contraceptive access and use may differ depending on biological sex, race/ethnicity, and living instability. Thus, in addition to contributing knowledge around what promotes contraceptive access and use, this project will shed light on for whom those factors predict these contraceptive outcomes. This project will open the door for interventions and services by providing basic data on contraceptive access and use, identifying factors that promote reproductive agency and autonomy, and distinguishing how these factors may differ by key demographic and child welfare characteristics for a population who encounter marginalization through a collection of intersecting identities and adverse childhood experiences.

项目概要 大约有一半参与儿童福利的女性报告在19岁时怀孕，这一比例是普通女性的两倍。 全国相似年龄和种族/族裔组成的青年样本。迄今为止，人们对性知之甚少 以及参与儿童福利的青少年的生殖健康，除此之外，他们面临更大的风险 意外怀孕。人们对青少年的性健康和生殖健康知之甚少， 男性和青少年没有离开自己的家，关于避孕药具获取和使用的数据很少。 避孕药具的获取和使用至关重要，不仅因为它们对减少意外避孕的影响 怀孕，而是因为它们对能动性、自主性和终生社会经济机会的影响。尽管 避孕药具的获取和使用已经在其他人群中进行了研究，这些主题对于年轻人来说可能是不同的 考虑到儿童福利系统和成年人通常会遇到的干扰，儿童福利的参与 通常提供此类教育和支持（即家庭、学校）以及与他人的独特联系 正式制度——儿童福利。该项目通过使用纵向研究的现有数据填补了这些空白 在向高中过渡期间有公开儿童福利案件的青少年。多波研究采访了男性 和女性参与者 (n=245) 在青春期（12 至 18 岁之间）进行了 3 次，并包括关键 关于避孕药具的获取和使用、性健康和生殖健康态度、社会心理预测因素的变量， 和儿童福利特征。我们将首先估计避孕药具获取的纵向经验 跨越这些关键的青春期（目标 1）。我们还将对来源项目的开放式回应进行编码 避孕药具的获取和使用的避孕药具类型并描述主题。估计轨迹后 避孕药具的获取和使用，该项目将研究可以缓冲逆境风险的可改变因素 参与儿童福利的青少年所面临的问题（目标 2）。具体来说，该项目将审查是否 以下预测避孕药具的获取和使用：a) 性健康和生殖健康态度，b) 学校 依恋，c) 成人社会支持，以及 d) 未来定位。在目标 3 中，我们将评估关系如何 可改变的因素与避孕药具的获取和使用之间可能因生物性别而异， 种族/民族和生活不稳定。因此，除了贡献有关促进什么的知识之外 避孕药具的获取和使用，该项目将揭示这些因素对哪些人来说可以预测这些避孕药具 结果。该项目将通过提供以下方面的基本数据为干预措施和服务打开大门： 避孕药具的获取和使用，确定促进生殖机构和自主权的因素，以及 区分这些因素如何因关键人口和儿童福利特征而异 由于一系列交叉的身份和不利的童年而遭受边缘化的人群 经验。