NATIONAL CHILDREN'S STUDY

国家儿童研究中心

• 批准号: 7698379
• 金额: $ 57.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-26 至 2013-09-25
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7698379
• 关键词: NATIONAL; CHILDREN; STUDY

The National Children's Study (NCS) is prospective longitudinal cohort study of the individual and combined effects of environmental exposures and gene environmental interactions on child health and development in a representative sample of approximately 100,000 children born in the United States. The children will be followed from before birth until age 21. The importance and timeliness of this study are based on many factors, including past experiences demonstrating profound effects of environmental exposures, such as exposures to alcohol during pregnancy and to lead in early childhood on child health and development; the special vulnerabilities of children to environmental exposures compared to adults; known ongoing exposures, such as prevalent levels of non-persistent pesticides or hours of media exposure per day in young children; and evidence for environmental contributions or causes to such high-impact conditions as autism, developmental delay and developmental disability, asthma, and obesity. The primary aim of the NCS is to investigate the separate and combined effects of environmental exposures (chemical, biological, physical, psychosocial) as well as gene-environment interactions on pregnancy outcomes, child health and development, and precursors of adult disease. Unique features of the study include its focus on environmental exposures at the earliest stages of pregnancy (as well as thereafter) and the breadth of planned exposure and outcome measurements. The NCS responds to the Congressional mandate of the Children's Health Act of 2000, that the NICHD and a consortium of federal agencies plan and conduct a longitudinal study of the impacts of environmental exposures on children. The NCS will employ a national probability sampling approach to select locations and participants for conduct of the study. The sampling design utilizes a multistage clustered approach. In the first stage, 105 locations (generally corresponding to single counties) were randomly selected from all U.S. counties. Seven of the locations serve as the initial or Vanguard Locations, participating in the pilot phase of the NCS. Because the focus of the study includes assessment of the impact of exposures that occur early in pregnancy, both pregnant women and their partners, and women of childbearing age, comprise the initial target population for enrollment. Data will be collected in combinations of face-to-face contacts and remote collection methods, e.g., telephone, computer, or mail-in questionnaires. The expected frequency of contact (face-to-face or remote) is approximately every three months through age one, every six months through age five years and annually thereafter. For a sample of children enrolled in the study, visits will also be made to child care and school settings for collection of environmental samples and observational data. Anticipated biologic specimens include blood, urine, hair, and nail clippings from mothers and children; blood, urine, and hair from fathers; cord blood, umbilical cord and placental tissues, and meconium collected at/around the time of delivery; vaginal swabs, and breast milk from mothers. Anticipated environmental samples include air, dust, soil, food, and water.

国家儿童研究 (NCS) 是一项前瞻性纵向队列研究，以美国出生的约 100,000 名儿童为代表样本，研究环境暴露和基因环境相互作用对儿童健康和发育的个体和综合影响。将从孩子出生前一直跟踪到 21 岁。这项研究的重要性和及时性基于许多因素，包括过去的经验证明环境暴露的深远影响，例如怀孕期间接触酒精和儿童早期铅对儿童的影响健康与发展；与成人相比，儿童对环境暴露的特殊脆弱性；已知的持续接触，例如非持久性农药的普遍水平或幼儿每天接触媒体的时间；以及环境对自闭症、发育迟缓和发育障碍、哮喘和肥胖等高影响疾病的影响或原因的证据。 NCS 的主要目的是研究环境暴露（化学、生物、物理、社会心理）以及基因-环境相互作用对妊娠结局、儿童健康和发育以及成人疾病先兆的单独和综合影响。该研究的独特之处包括其重点关注怀孕早期（及其后）的环境暴露以及计划暴露和结果测量的广度。 NCS 响应国会 2000 年《儿童健康法案》的授权，即 NICHD 和联邦机构联盟计划并开展一项关于环境暴露对儿童影响的纵向研究。 NCS 将采用全国概率抽样方法来选择进行研究的地点和参与者。抽样设计采用多阶段聚类方法。第一阶段从美国所有县中随机选择105个地点（一般对应单个县）。其中七个地点作为初始地点或先锋地点，参与 NCS 的试点阶段。由于该研究的重点包括评估怀孕早期发生的暴露的影响，因此孕妇及其伴侣以及育龄妇女构成了最初的招募目标人群。数据收集将结合面对面接触和远程收集方法，例如电话、计算机或邮寄调查问卷。预期的接触频率（面对面或远程）大约为一岁前每三个月一次，五岁前每六个月一次，此后每年一次。对于参与研究的儿童样本，还将访问儿童保育和学校环境，以收集环境样本和观察数据。预期的生物样本包括母亲和儿童的血液、尿液、头发和指甲屑；来自父亲的血液、尿液和头发；分娩时或分娩前后收集的脐带血、脐带和胎盘组织以及胎便；阴道拭子和母亲的母乳。预期的环境样本包括空气、灰尘、土壤、食物和水。