Enhancing transport and delivery of ferrihydrite nanoparticles via polymer encapsulation in PFAS-contaminated sediments to simulate PFAS defluorination by Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6

通过聚合物封装在 PFAS 污染的沉积物中增强水铁矿纳米粒子的运输和递送，以模拟 Acidimicrobium sp 的 PFAS 脱氟。

• 批准号: 10353414
• 负责人: Peter R. Jaffe
• 金额: $ 30.56万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-16 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10353414
• 关键词: Affect; Ammonium; Anaerobic Bacteria; Animals; Bacteria; Biological Availability; Bioremediations; Chemistry; Defect; Development; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Electron Transport; Encapsulated; Environment; Environmental Engineering technology; Frequencies; Gene Expression; Genes; Goals; Growth; Health; Immunologics; In Situ; Injections; Iron; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Animals; Learning; Methods; Microbiology; Monitor; Organism; Outcome; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxides; Periodicity; Phase; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Polymers; Process; Property; Reporting; Research; Resources; Scheme; Silicon Dioxide; Site; Soil; Solid; Source; Suspensions; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Uranium; Vial device; Water; acrylic acid; aqueous; consumer product; contaminated sediment; design; drinking water; electron donor; experimental study; exposed human population; ferrihydrite; ground water; hydrology; innovation; insight; liver injury; materials science; mineralization; nano; nanoencapsulated; nanoparticle; novel; operation; oxidation; particle; perfluorooctane sulfonate; perfluorooctanoic acid; pollutant; remediation; renal damage; reproductive; tumor; water quality

Project Summary/Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in the environment and highly stable. They are present in many consumer products and over 4000 different PFAS have been synthesized. Among the most common and of most concern are perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoro octane sulfonate (PFOS), for which the EPA reports that these compounds can cause reproductive and developmental defects, liver and kidney damage, and immunological effects in laboratory animals, and that they may cause tumors in animal studies. Due to the strong C-F bond, no defluorination followed by mineralization of perfluorinated compounds has been reported so far, except PFAS defluorination by the recently discovered and isolated Feammox bacterium Acidimicrobium sp. Strain A6 (A6). A6 oxidizes ammonium (NH4+) while reducing ferric iron (Fe(III)), and it can during this process also transfer electrons to PFAS and defluorinate them. Bioremediation/biostimulation usually requires achieving proper biogeochemical conditions via the supply of appropriate electron donors/acceptors, redox potential manipulation, and bioaugmentation if the required organism is not present. A6 is common in iron-rich acidic soils, indicating that biostimulation could be an appropriate technology in many cases to use this organism for PFAS bioremediation schemes. Under electron donor/acceptor limiting conditions, it is easy to supply NH4+ to an aquifer, while it is challenging to supply and spatially distribute solid-phase Fe(III), requiring novel methods to enhance the transport of Fe(III) phases. We hypothesize that polymer encapsulated nano-ferrihydrite can be delivered throughout a porous medium to stimulate the activity of A6 and its defluorination of PFAS. Hence, the Aims of this project include: (1) develop polymer-encapsulated nano-ferrihydrite particles that have increased transport properties in a porous medium; (2) ascertain that the polymer-encapsulated nano-ferrihydrite is bioavailable and enhances PFAS defluorination by A6; and (3) determine via soil column experiments how to supply the polymer-encapsulated nano-ferrihydrite to enhance the A6 activity and its defluorination of PFAS. The outcome of this project will result in the first approach to design and operate a bioremediation scheme to defluorinate PFAS, which are of increasing health concern and for which drinking water is the main exposure for humans. This will be achieved by combining techniques and experimental methods from material science, microbiology, and hydrology/environmental engineering. The project will provide new knowledge on how to supply a Fe(III) source, which also has other remediation applications, provide new insights on how to stimulate A6 for the bioremediation of PFAS and other pollutants, and show how to integrate these findings for an effective PFAS bioremediation scheme that is able to operate for extended time periods in order to achieve desired final concentration/water quality goals.

项目概要/摘要 全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 在环境中普遍存在且高度稳定。他们 存在于许多消费品中，已合成了 4000 多种不同的 PFAS。之中 最常见和最受关注的是全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟 辛烷磺酸盐 （全氟辛烷磺酸），美国环保署报告称这些化合物可能导致生殖和发育障碍 实验动物的缺陷、肝肾损伤以及免疫学影响，并且它们可能 在动物研究中会导致肿瘤。由于C-F键强，不会发生脱氟和矿化 迄今为止，除 PFAS 脱氟外，目前已报道了全氟化合物的使用情况。 发现并分离出 Feammox 细菌 Acidimicrobium sp。菌株 A6 (A6)。 A6 氧化铵 (NH4+)，同时还原三价铁 (Fe(III))，在此过程中还可以 将电子转移至 PFAS 并使其脱氟。生物修复/生物刺激通常需要 通过提供适当的电子供体/受体实现适当的生物地球化学条件， 氧化还原电位操纵，以及生物增强（如果所需的生物体不存在）。 A6 是 常见于富含铁的酸性土壤，表明生物刺激可能是一种合适的技术 许多情况下使用这种生物体进行 PFAS 生物修复计划。电子供体/受体下 在限制条件下，向含水层供应 NH4+ 很容易，但供应和空间上具有挑战性 分布固相 Fe(III)，需要新的方法来增强 Fe(III) 相的传输。我们 假设聚合物封装的纳米水铁矿可以在整个多孔介质中传递 刺激A6的活性及其对PFAS的脱氟作用。因此，该项目的目标包括：（1） 开发聚合物封装的纳米水铁矿颗粒，该颗粒具有增强的传输性能 多孔介质； (2) 确定聚合物封装的纳米水铁矿具有生物利用度，并且 通过A6增强PFAS脱氟； (3)通过土柱实验确定如何提供 聚合物封装的纳米水铁矿增强 A6 活性及其对 PFAS 的脱氟作用。 该项目的成果将产生第一种设计和操作生物修复的方法 PFAS 脱氟计划，PFAS 日益引起人们的健康关注，并且饮用水是其中的关键 人类的主要暴露。这将通过技术和实验方法相结合来实现 来自材料科学、微生物学和水文学/环境工程。该项目将提供 关于如何提供 Fe(III) 源的新知识，也有其他修复应用，提供 关于如何刺激 A6 对 PFAS 和其他污染物进行生物修复的新见解，并展示如何 将这些发现整合到一个有效的 PFAS 生物修复计划中，该计划能够持续运行 延长时间以达到所需的最终浓度/水质目标。