Development of Reward Processing in prenatally exposed adolescents and young adults

产前暴露青少年和年轻人奖励处理的发展

• 批准号: 9982287
• 负责人: Kristen Paula Morie
• 金额: $ 18.14万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9982287
• 关键词: 20 year old; Addictive Behavior; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anterior; Area; Arts; Award; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Birth; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cocaine Users; Complement; Cues; Data; Development; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Faculty; Feedback; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gambling; Goals; Grant; Health; Image; Imaging Techniques; Impairment; Impulsivity; Individual; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Light; Logistic Regressions; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal cohort; Magnetic Resonance; Marijuana; Measures; Methodology; Monitor; Moods; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Nicotine; Paper; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Predisposing Factor; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychiatry; Questionnaires; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Schools; Science; Stimulus; Substance abuse problem; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toxicology; Training; Universities; Update; Urine; Ventral Striatum; Work; addiction; base; cingulate cortex; cocaine exposure; cocaine use; cohort; design; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; emotion regulation; fetal substance exposure; financial incentive; follow-up; high risk; interest; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal design; medical schools; mood regulation; neurotoxicity; prenatal exposure; prospective; recruit; response; reward processing; sex; skills; sustained attention

Project Summary/Abstract Addiction is a major health concern, and one of the most pressing issues is how it develops. Emerging adulthood is a high-risk life stage where drug use is initiated and often becomes more severe. Prenatal exposure to cocaine is associated with higher risk-taking behavior as well, and the potential mechanisms of this heightened risk deserve examination. Reward processing is an important factor that is associated with addiction, and in adults, dysregulation of reward contributes to persistent drug abuse. In this application, I propose to examine reward processing in prenatally exposed emerging adults in a longitudinal design. This cohort will be drawn from a pre-existing cohort of individuals recruited as part of an already existing study, and who have been followed since birth. I will measure reward processing in two temporally close testing sessions involving two methodologies, electrophysiology and fMRI. I will also collect information about experimental and problematic drug use, as well as information about mood, at the recording sessions. Drug use and mood information will then be collected once again in quarterly follow-up sessions for one year. The goal is to examine if PCE status and reward processing are risk factors for problematic drug abuse and risky behaviors in emerging adulthood, and if these factors interact to increase such risk. The training plan for the applicant will focus on three major goals. The first is increasing understanding of how drug use develops in an emerging adult population. The second is enhancing the applicant's training in fMRI techniques, including developing fMRI tasks and in analyzing fMRI data using GLM-based approaches, as well as combining ERP and fMRI data for a comprehensive examination of the temporal and spatial aspects of reward processing. The third is in developing longitudinal analysis techniques and developing skills to conduct longitudinal analyses. This approach will complement the training the applicant has received during her graduate training and will position the applicant to become an independent researcher with a strong background in both fMRI and longitudinal research techniques as applied to the study of addictions. The proposed training and research plan are greatly enhanced by the interdisciplinary and intellectually rigorous environment provided by the schools (Yale School of Medicine, Faculty of Arts and Sciences), departments (Psychiatry, Diagnostic Radiology, Child Study Center and Neuroscience), and divisions (Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Division of Substance Abuse Research) at Yale University.

项目概要/摘要 成瘾是一个主要的健康问题，最紧迫的问题之一是它是如何发展的。新兴 成年期是一个高风险的人生阶段，开始吸毒并且往往变得更加严重。产前 接触可卡因也与较高的冒险行为有关，并且潜在的机制 这种增加的风险值得审查。奖励处理是与奖励相关的一个重要因素 成瘾，而在成年人中，奖赏失调会导致持续的药物滥用。在这个应用程序中，我 提议以纵向设计检查产前暴露的新兴成年人的奖励处理。这 队列将从作为现有研究的一部分招募的预先存在的个体队列中抽取，并且 从出生起就被跟踪的人。我将在两个时间上接近的测试会话中测量奖励处理 涉及两种方法，电生理学和功能磁共振成像。我还将收集有关实验和信息的信息 在录音过程中，有问题的药物使用以及有关情绪的信息。药物使用和情绪 然后将在一年内的季度后续会议上再次收集信息。目标是 检查 PCE 状态和奖励处理是否是有问题的药物滥用和危险行为的风险因素 在成年初期，以及这些因素相互作用是否会增加此类风险。 申请人的培训计划将重点关注三个主要目标。首先是加深对如何 吸毒现象在新兴成年人口中不断发展。二是加强申请人的fMRI培训 技术，包括开发 fMRI 任务和使用基于 GLM 的方法分析 fMRI 数据，以及 结合 ERP 和功能磁共振成像数据，对时间和空间方面进行全面检查 奖励处理。第三是发展纵向分析技术和发展进行分析的技能 纵向分析。这种方法将补充申请人在其期间接受的培训 研究生培训将使申请人成为一名具有强大实力的独立研究员 应用于成瘾研究的功能磁共振成像和纵向研究技术的背景。 拟议的培训和研究计划通过跨学科和智力的研究大大增强了 学校（耶鲁大学医学院、艺术与科学学院）提供的严格环境， 部门（精神病学、诊断放射学、儿童研究中心和神经科学）和部门 （磁共振研究中心，药物滥用研究部）耶鲁大学。